Tinnitus in childhood is quite common when children are directly asked about this syndrom. Children rarely spontaneously complain of tinnitus. Material consists of 67 children (6-18 year old) with tinnitus, treated in the Pediatric Otolaryngology Clinic and Outpatient. Between children there were 2 groups: I tinnitus connected with hearing loss--35 children, II tinnitus without hearing loss--32 children. Methods. Anamnesis, otolaryngologic, neurologic, psychologic examinations, panel of audiologic tests before and after treatment of betahistine. In 12 patients there were recognized conductive hearing loss and they were excluded from therapy of betahistine. 55 children were treated with betahistine (Betaserc). Results indicates that betahistine is a good drug in therapy of tinnitus in children.
Diverse processes leading to doubled haploid (DH) plant production, such as microspore embryogenesis, gynogenesis, and distant hybridization followed by genome elimination, are based on the unique ability of plant cells to form haploid embryos without fertilization. All of these are possible because of various in vitro culture systems that enable the growth and development of tissues or single cells outside of the parental organism. The possibility of re-directing cell development from its original pathway to embryogenesis brings several benefits to many research areas, but the most important is the possibility of its implementation in breeding programs.
This review summarizes the achievements of Polish research groups in studies of the mechanisms of haploid/DH embryo development and demonstrates the practical applications of these systems in basic studies and plant breeding. It shows the results of studies on economically important crops including barley (
Hordeum vulgare
L.), oilseed rape (
Brassica napus
L.), triticale (×
Triticosecale
Wittm.), oat (
Avena sativa
L.), rye (
Secale cereale
L.), sugar beet (
Beta vulgaris
ssp.
vulgaris
L.), and some vegetable species, including carrot (
Daucus carota
L.), onion (
Allium cepa
L.), red beet (
Beta vulgaris
L.), and members of the Brassicaceae.
The most basic understanding of the world has always had an aesthetic character, which also
means non-discursive character. For that reason, over the centuries artistic creation constituted
a significant instrument in broadening the horizons of human consciousness, and as
a result contributed to shaping the entire human culture. Similarly, spontaneous expression
of personal experience has presentational forms which can be identifiable, memorised and
included in sequential experiences of one’s personal history.
Search for genotypes resistant to Cercospora (Cercospora beticola Sacc.) in multigerm breeding materials of sugar beetPoszukiwanie genotypów odpornych na Cercospora beticola Sacc. w wielonasiennych materiałach hodowlanych buraka cukrowego Summary. In sugar beet cultivation, one of the main factors causing a significant drop in size and yield quality is the infection of plant leaves by the fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc. The main aim of the work was to identify inbred lines of sugar beet with genes of resistance to this pathogen. The research and selection works were carried out in multigerm breeding materials type 2xZN with a different degree of homozygosity. For the study, 36 genotypes of the S1 generation and 34 genotypes of the S2 generation were selected as well as 1 standard (Andante) variety with an increased level of fungal resistance. The sensitivity of materials to infection of C. beticola was assessed using a laboratory method (in vitro test). After twice selection a high stabilization of resistance was found within the examined progeny and a clear differentiation between the progeny of the S1 and S2 generation. The average number of spots on 10 leaf discs in the studied 9 progeny of S1 generation was from 10.50 to 31.04, and in 11 progeny of S2 generation from 6.30 to 28.49 using infection under optimal conditions for fungal growth. The wide range of variability that occurred in the tested materials made it possible to select 9 genotypes of the S1 generation and the 11 S2 generation with a high level of resistance to the C. beticola and high cultivation value.
W niniejszym doniesieniu zostały zaprezentowane najważniejsze osiągnięcia w zakresie zagadnień badawczych realizowanych w Pracowni Cytogenetyki i Metodyki Hodowli, Zakładu Genetyki i Hodowli Roślin Korzeniowych Oddziału IHAR-PIB w Bydgoszczy. Obejmują one: produkcję podwojonych haploidów, ochronę zasobów genowych, ocenę i selekcję genotypów odpornych na grzyb Cercospora beticola Sacc. oraz identyfikację genotypów w kierunku tolerancji na stres suszy w materiałach hodowlanych buraka cukrowego (Beta vulgaris L.).
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