A recently conducted study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention encouraged access to urban green space for the public over the prevalence of COVID-19 in that exposure to urban green space can positively affect the physical and mental health, including the reduction rate of heart disease, obesity, stress, stroke, and depression. COVID-19 has foregrounded the inadequacy of green space in populated cities. It has also highlighted the extant inequities so as to unequal access to urban green space both quantitatively and qualitatively. In this regard, it seems that one of the problems related to Malatya is the uncoordinated distribution of green space in different parts of the city. Therefore, knowing the quantity and quality of these spaces in each region can play an effective role in urban planning. The aim of the present study has been to evaluate urban green space per capita and to investigate its distribution based on the population of the districts of Battalgazi county in Malatya city through developing an integrated methodology (remote sensing and geographic information system). Accordingly, in Google Earth Engine by images of Sentinel-1 and PlanetScope satellites, it was calculated different indexes (NDVI, EVI, PSSR, GNDVI, and NDWI). The data set was prepared and then by combining different data, classification was performed according to support vector machine algorithm. From the landscaping maps obtained, the map was selected with the highest accuracy (overall accuracy: 94.43; and kappa coefficient: 90.5). Finally, by the obtained last map, the distribution of urban green space per capita and their functions in Battalgazi county and its districts were evaluated. The results of the study showed that the existing urban green spaces in the Battalgazi/Malatya were not distributed evenly on the basis of the districts. The per capita of urban green space is twenty-four regions which is more than 9m 2 and in twenty-three ones is less than 9m 2 . The recommendation of this study was that Türkiye city planners and landscape designers should replan and redesign the quality and equal distribution of urban green spaces, especially during and following COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, drawing on the Google Earth Engine cloud system, which has revolutionized GIS and remote sensing, is recommended to be used in land use land cover modeling. It is straightforward to access information and analyze them quickly in Google Earth Engine. The published codes in this study makes it possible to conduct further relevant studies.
ÖzDepremler ve heyelanlar toplum hayatını derinden etkileyen doğal afetlerin başında gelmektedir. Özellikle dağlık bölgelerde meydana gelen heyelanlar, her yıl can kaybına ve hasara sebep olmaktadır. Son yıllarda heyelana duyarlı bölgelerin belirlenmesi çalışmaları oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Heyelan duyarlılık analizlerinin yapılması hem mühendislik projelerinin planlanmasını kolaylaştıracak hem de meydana gelebilecek zararların azaltılmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, İran'ın Ardabil (Erdebil) bölgesindeki Saqezchi'in heyelan duyarlılık haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Heyelan duyarlılık analizinde arazi kullanımı, yağış miktarı, faylara uzaklık, litoloji, akarsu ağlarına uzaklık, yükselti, eğim, bakı ve yola uzaklık parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada heyelan duyarlılık haritası oluşturulurken Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) yöntemi ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılmıştır. Oluşturulan duyarlılık haritaları, "çok yüksek, yüksek, orta, düşük ve çok düşük" duyarlı alanlar olmak üzere 5 grup altında sınıflandırılmıştır.
One of the most critical problems in the construction sector is the inadequate bearing capacities of subsoils. To solve this problem, various soil improvement methods are employed. Soil improvement is defined as the improvement in soil properties to the desired level by using various methods when the soil is not suitable for superstructure loads. Various types of soil improvement methods exist, and their application depends on the construction site, soil properties, earthquake zone, application time, and cost. One of the most widely used methods recently is the deep soil mixing method. In this study, a laboratory-scale deep soil mixing device is first developed; subsequently, the effects of injection pressure, mixing time, and dosing parameters on application are investigated. Deep soil mixing columns are prepared using different injection pressures, mixing times, and dosages and then subjected to the unconfined compression test. Results show that the effects of injection pressure, cement dosage, and mixing time on the unconfined compressive strength of deep soil mixing samples vary based on the initial soil properties.
Urbanizationis accompanied by rapid social and economic development, while the process of urbanization causes the degradation of the natural ecology. Direct loss in vegetation biomass from areas with a high probability of urban expansion can contribute to the total emissions from tropical deforestation and land-use change. Monitoring of urban expansion is essential for more efficient urban planning, protecting the ecosystem and the environment. In this paper, we use remote sensing data aided by Google Earth Engine (GEE) to evaluate the urban expansion of the city of Isfahan in the last thirty years. Thus, in this paper we use Landsat satellite images from 1986 and 2019, integrated into GEE, implementing Support vector machine (SVM) classification method. The accuracy assessment for the classified images showed high accuracy (95-96%), while the results showed a significant increase in the urban area of the city of Isfahan, occupying more than 70% of the study area. For future studies, we recommend a more detailed investigation about the city expansion and the negative impacts that may occur due to urban expansion.
Sürekli gelişen şehirler, nüfus artışı ve iklimsel koşullar gibi ekosistem de meydana gelen olumsuz etkenler ile arazi kullanımı değişime uğramaktadır. Uzaktan algılama uyduları tarafından üretilen veriler, yeryüzü araştırmalarda önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Arazi örtüsü/kullanımı haritaları bu veriler kullanılarak hazırlanmaktadır.
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