Transnational families in Spain. Marriage, nationality and genderThe paper is dedicated to immigration and transnational families in Spain. The author presents legislative aspects, discusses social phenomena and analyzes crucial INE data which hinge on the intersection of immigration and family issues. The data include: 1/the number of marriages which are referred to as matrimonios mixtos, i.e. the ones which are contracted between a Spaniard and the other spouse being a foreigner, 2/the number of marriages contracted in Spain between foreigners and 3/their share in the total number of nuptials. Legislative aspects relate to the formal conditions which need to be fulfilled by foreigners in order to enter into wedlock and the requirements concerning documentation on the part of a Spanish citizen and a foreigner. What is important, the Spanish law allows a marriage to be contracted between a Spanish citizen and a foreigner regardless of the status of the latter. That is to say, the future spouse may be in a so-called irregular situation which grants the right for undocumented immigrants to get married in Spain and eventually obtain a residence permit.
The article is dedicated to constitutional grounds and public policy in Mexico with reference to indigenous peoples. Many of them are subject to severe social problems such as school absenteeism and dropouts, illiteracy, poverty and unemployment. The fundamental institution which specializes in public activity for the benefit of indigenous people in Mexico is the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples (La Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas). It was founded under Article 2 of the Constitution and operates at the federal level to devise strategies and implement public sector activities, including entitlement programs in order to foment their development.
The work by Joanna Różycka-Tran titled Antagonizm społeczny w umysłach ludzi i kulturach świata [Social antagonism in people's minds and world's cultures] was published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar in 2018. The author elaborates on the issues that she took up in her earlier book Życie społeczne jako gra. Kontekst międzykulturowy [Social life as a game: The intercultural context], Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, 2012. Searching for references in various theoretical approaches and empirical research, the author links social antagonism-both at the individual and cultural level, with the visions of the social reality as based on a zero-sum game, i.e., that one's success is necessarily conditioned by the failure of others. Such convictions significantly affect relations between individuals and social groups.The book consists of an introduction, five chapters, references, an annex with the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game Scale, a list of figures and tables, and an index of names. The chapters are as follows: 1. Isomorphism in social sciences, 2. Theoretical concept and measurement of perceived antagonism in social relations, 3. Antagonistic thinking of individuals, 4. Social antagonism in world's cultures, and 5. Research summary.Różycka-Tran operationalizes antagonism, both at the level of individuals and social groups, as an aggregate variable (Różycka-Tran, 2018, p. 36). She compares social antagonism to cynicism, understood as a belief in the system's hostility towards citizens, with system's hostility defined as a pressure that is exerted on citizens by egoistic individuals, interest groups and institutions which hold the power (Bond et al., 2004, p. 566, as cited in: Różycka-Tran, 2018. Similarly to cynicism, antagonism reflects a negativistic vision of human nature and social reality. Both of them negatively correlate with interpersonal trust and self-esteem. In particular, antagonism in social relations is negatively linked to perceived satisfaction with social exchange and work commitment,
The article is dedicated to the Muslims in Poland, with a special focus on their institutional representation. This religious minority encircles a diverse populace in terms of the path in Islam they adhere to, ethnicity, country of origin, but also the legal status they have in Poland. It includes Muslim Tatars, former students from Arab countries who have been living in this country for decades, as well as transient groups war refugees from Chechnya, Afghanistan or the Balkans, esp. Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author argues that institutionalized entities of religious character which associate Muslims in the country, organize their presence in religious terms and represent them, reflect major divisions within the Muslim populace in the country. A key factor is the duration of their settlement-it is concomitant to, if not more important than, tensions between the Sunnis and Shiites.
Książka Marka Ćwiklickiego zatytułowana Metody zarządzania wartością publiczną ukazała się w 2019 roku. Stanowi próbę systematyzacji metodologii badań z zakresu zarządzania wartością publiczną. Autor uznaje wartość publiczną -w ślad za Markiem H. Moore'em -za składową trójkąta strategicznego, obok legitymizacji i poparcia oraz zdolności operacyjnych. Jest ona przedstawiana jako zakorzeniona w otoczeniu wykonawczym, które konstytuują "klienci, beneficjenci, nadzorujący organizację" [Moore, 1995: 71; 2003]. Zważywszy na fakt, że terminy "klient" i "beneficjent" zazębiają się, warto byłoby nieco zmodyfikować ujęcie. Zasadne wydaje się zwłaszcza wypracowanie konceptualizacji otoczenia wykonawczego z odwołaniem do teorii interesariuszy -autor wzmiankuje zresztą o niej w kontekście zróżnicowania oczekiwań.Gdy mowa o legitymizacji i poparciu, ich pozyskiwanie następuje poprzez zarządzanie polityczne. Trzeci element trójkąta obejmuje ogólnie rozumiane zasoby oraz zasoby ludzkie, polityki operacyjne, procedury oraz rezultaty organizacyjne. Ćwiklicki zastanawia się nad zasadnością zastąpienia pojęcia zdolności operacyjne określeniem możliwości operacyjne, bądź zastąpienia go terminem "potencjał organizacji". Niezależnie od wątpliwości terminologicznych, koncepcja zapewnia czytelną ramę teoretyczną w badaniach z zakresu zarządzania wartością publiczną oraz jest użyteczna w analizach dotyczących działalności kadry menedżerskiej.Autor dokonuje zestawienia sposobów oceny wartości publicznej oraz stosowanych metod. Porządkuje je w postaci pięciu podejść, którymi są: model wartości konkurujących (Competing Values Framework), karta wyników wartości publicznej (Public Value Scorecard), system pomiaru wartości publicznej oparty na dokonaniach (Performance Measurement System), model pomiaru wartości
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