Background
The novel coronavirus has embarked on a global pandemic and severe mortality with limited access for its treatments and medications. For the lack of time, research, and enough efficacy, most vaccines are underdeveloped or unreachable to society. However, many recent studies suggest various alternative, complementary remedies for COVID-19, which are functional foods. This review provides an overview of how functional foods can play a great role through modulating the host immune system, generating antiviral activities, and synthesizing biologically active agents effective against the coronavirus.
Main body
This review article summarizes the natural defense mechanisms in tackling SARS-CoV-2 alongside conventional therapeutic options and their corresponding harmful side effects. By analyzing bioactive components of functional foods, we have outlined its different contributions to human health and its potential immunomodulatory and antiviral properties that can enhance resistivity to viral infection. Moreover, we have provided a myriad of accessible and cost-effective functional foods that could be further investigated to target specific key symptoms of COVID-19 infections. Finally, we have found various functional foods with potent bioactive compounds that can inhibit or prevent COVID-19 infections and disease progression.
Short conclusion
Numerous functional foods can help the body fight COVID-19 through several mechanisms such as the reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced expression of ACE2 receptors in cells, and inhibiting essential enzymes in SARS-CoV-2.
Hereby, we, the members, consciously assure that the following is fulfilled for the manuscript, "Flood Prediction Using Machine Learning Models".1. The contents of this paper are unique work of the writers' and it has not been published before.2. Only the authors' own research and analysis is presented in the work with utmost accuracy.3. Contributions by the co-authors and co-researchers are rightly acknowledged in the study.4. All sources are appropriately mentioned (correct citation). Text that is literally copied must be identified as such by using quote marks and providing suitable reference.5. The authors actively participated and put in effort leading to the article and any public responsibility related to it's content will be accepted.Violations of the Ethical Statement standards may have serious repercussions. We agree with the preceding declarations and certify that this submission adheres to BRAC University's rules.
• This study explored the clinical relevance of LSM5 gene in glioma diagnosis and treatment for the first time • LSM5 is overexpressed in lower-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissues • The promoter of LSM5 gene is differentially methylated in both LGG and GBM tissues • The expression of LSM5 correlates with the survival condition and immunophenotypes of glioma patients
Since then, cases have been rising, and by 12th December, a total of 489 178 confirmed cases have been reported with 7020 deaths. 2 Health care providers (HCPs) all over the world are the most vulnerable group to the coronavirus infection as frontline fighters. In Bangladesh, the situation is poorer, as about 80 000 registered doctors out of 100 000 are dealing with COVID-19 patients as frontline fighters 3 as the total workforce was not divided by a plan to combat this pandemic situation. In addition to shortage, intensive care units (ICUs) had not raised standards for treating COVID-19 patients and many hospitals were not equipped with a central oxygen line. 4 These accelerate the early death of patients and infection to HCPs in Bangladesh. Lack of negative air pressure in isolation units and ICUs causes the spread of infected aerosols to HCP while providing services to admitted patients. A continuous 12 hour-work time, as opposed to the usual eight hours, creates a physical and mental strain on healthcare providers during the time of the pandemic. A young doctor in China died of a heart attack resulting from continuous work of 10 days. 5 The people hiding COVID-like symptoms and infection due to the stigma while visiting doctors' chambers or hospitals to seek medical care put the doctors and other health care workers at great risks. At least 12 health workers, including
Here, we utilized a database mining approach to unfold the prognostic and therapeutic potentials of Transmembrane EmP24 Trafficking Protein 4 (TMED4) and 9 (TMED) coding gene expressions in glioma. Both the genes were found to be overexpressed at the mRNA and protein level in low grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissues including different glioma cell lines. Significant increase in the expression level of these genes with advancing glioma patients age, glioma grades and histological subtypes was observed. Differential and distinct promoter and coding sequence methylation pattern of TMED4 and TMED9 was observed in LGG and GBM tissues that may aid in methylation-sensitive diagnosis of glioma patients. The presence of multiple heterozygous genetic alterations (frequency: 0.4-1.1%) in those genes unveiled their potentials in high-throughput screening of glioma patients. The overexpression of TMED4 and TMED9 genes was associated with poor overall survival (OS) of LGG and GBM patients (HR:>1.6). Association of the expression levels of these genes with different immune cell infiltration levels i.e., B cell and T cell and modulators like CD274 and IL10RB was observed providing assurance in TMED-based diagnostic measure and therapeutic intervention discovery. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis of the neighbor genes of TMED4 and TMED9 revealed that they are involved in metal ion binding, focal adhesion of cells and protein processing, and the deregulation of these activities are associated with gliomagenesis. Altogether, this study suggests that TMED4 and TMED9 are potential prognostic and therapeutic targets for glioma. However, further laboratory research is warranted.
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