Erwinia chrysanthemi, Achromobactin, SiderophoreThe structure of a citrate siderophore named achromobactin isolated from the culture medium of Erwinia chrysanthemi was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical de gradation.

The structure and stereochemistry of the siderophore isolated from the culture medium of Ralstonia eutropha (formerly Alcaligenes eutrophus) could be elucidated as staphyloferrin B by spectroscopic methods and chemical degradation. The relationship of the three species of the new genus Ralstonia is reflected in the observation that all three form citrate sidero-phores.

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Ralstonia (formerly Burkholderia or Pseudomonas) solanacearum ATCC 11696 - a plant deleterious bacterium - was shown to produce under iron limited conditions of growth an iron complexing compound which facilitated iron uptake into iron-starved cells. The structure of the siderophore was elucidated as 4-[[(3-acetylhydroxyamino)-propyl]amino]-2-[2-[[3-(acetylhydroxyamino)-propyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid, a compound known under the trivial name of schizokinen. Its partially cyclized form, schizokinen A , could also be isolated from the R. solanacearum culture supernatant and was characterized.