Respondents to a mass media cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) recruitment campaign in Harris County, Texas were more likely than non-respondents to be White, female, and under 45 years of age, to have had previous CPR training, experienced an incident in which knowledge of CPR might have been useful, or to have a friend or relative with a relevant medical history. The majority of the respondents were housewives, and professionals or technical workers, particularly in the health field. Findings can be used to identify audiences for future mass media CPR campaigns. (Am J
The purposes of this article are to describe the process of adapting an existing model to create a framework suitable for public health nursing (PHN) practice and to demonstrate how the resulting model can guide research for PHN practice. Using the PRECEDE (predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling causes in educational diagnosis and evaluation) model as a base, we synthesized concepts of health behavior, health education, health promotion/disease prevention, and program evaluation to develop a model for planning and evaluating aggregate-level PHN interventions to improve the use of the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program (EPSDT) in rural North Carolina. The model provided the framework for identifying variables relevant to EPSDT use, designing interventions to improve use, and planning a research evaluation of the effectiveness, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of the interventions. This model, and the process used in adapting it for PHN practice, should be helpful for others investigating methods of reaching and bringing effective health-promotion/disease-prevention information to underserved, low-education members of minority groups.
This study assessed the validity of the Spanish surname infant mortality rate as an index of urban Mexican American health status. Neonatal, postneonatal, and risk-factor-specific mortality rates were computed from linked birth and infant death records of the 1974-75 Harris County, Texas, cohort of 68,584 for Spanish surname White, non-Spanish surname White, and Black single live births. Infants of Mexican-born immigrants were distinguished from those of other Spanish surname parents by parental nativity information on birth records. Infants of Mexican immigrants
IntroductionAlthough the Texas Spanish surname population, largely Mexican American, has a disproportionate share of infant mortality risk factors (low socioeconomic and educational status, high fertility and large family size, absent or inadequate prenatal care,'-and high incidence of diabetes mellitus and infectious diseases5), the actual infant mortality rate
This study identified population groups, health conditions, and employment settings considered appropriate for graduate-level community health nursing (CHN) practice and employment, and described the relative importance of each of these areas as assessed by CHN leaders. According to 588 leaders in CHN service and education, (1) the population groups most in need of graduate-prepared CHNs are the elderly, persons of low socioeconomic status, the homeless, adolescents, and the unemployed; and (2) the health conditions most in need of CHN services are AIDS, pregnancy and prenatal problems, low birth weight and infant mortality, stress-related illness, and Alzheimer's and other chronic diseases of the elderly. Among the many employment settings rated as having a great need for CHNs are state and local health departments and home health agencies. The findings provide the direction and justification for developing specialty options within CHN that correspond to these identified and changing needs. This article provides suggestions and possible alternatives for initiating educational change to prepare graduate-level CHNs for these various specialties and for the settings in which the specialties will be applied.
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