Résumé -Récupération d'énergie à l'arrivée du gaz naturel dans les installations des usagers grâce à l'emploi d'un tube Vortex à contre-courant -La réduction de la pression de gaz naturel entre les conduites de distribution haute pression et les installations des usagers est aujourd'hui assurée par des vannes de réduction de pression. Ce dispositif entraîne une perte importante du contenu énergétique du gaz. Les installations des usagers consommant trop peu de gaz naturel pour envisager d'avoir recours à des dispositifs d'expansion, notre étude explore les avantages potentiels de l'utilisation d'un tube Vortex pour la réduction de la pression de gaz naturel. Il s'agit de remplacer la vanne de réduction de pression par un tube Vortex dans le dispositif de réduction de la pression de gaz naturel et de tirer profit de la capacité de refroidissement produite. L'étude expérimentale avait pour objectif de déterminer l'effet du diamètre de l'orifice froid ainsi que de l'utilisation de l'air et du gaz naturel comme fluides sur la production d'énergie dans le tube Vortex à contre-courant. Le taux de récupération de l'énergie est déterminé à partir des mesures expérimentales.
Abstract -Recovering Energy at Entry of Natural Gas into Customer Premises by Employing a Counter-Flow Vortex Tube -Throttling valves are currently utilised to reduce high-pressure natural gas flowing through the distribution pipeline to the working level of customers' equipment. This wastes valuable energy of the gas. Due to low natural gas consumption at customer premises, it is not feasible to utilise expansion machines. In this study, a new idea is proposed to take advantage of the Vortex Tube and natural gas pressure reduction. The idea is to replace the throttling valve with a VortexTube in the natural gas pressure reduction system and take advantage of the generated cooling capacity. An experimental investigation was made to determine the effects of the cold orifice diameter and the energy separation of the counter-flow Vortex Tube when air and natural gas are used as the fluid. The energy separation was investigated by use of the experimentally obtained data.
Vortex tube is a simple device without a moving part which is capable of separating hot and cold gas streams from a higher pressure inlet gas stream. The mechanism of energy separation has been investigated by several scientists and second law approach has emerged as an important tool for optimizing the vortex tube performance. Here, a thermodynamic model has been used to investigate vortex tube energy separation. Further, a method has been proposed for optimizing the vortex tube based on the rate of entropy generation obtained from experiments. Also, an experimental study has been carried out to investigate the effects of the hot tube length and cold orifice diameter on entropy generation within a vortex tube with natural gas as working fluid. A comparison has been made between air and natural gas as working fluids. The results show that the longest tube generates lowest entropy for natural gas. For air, it is middle tube which generates lowest entropy. Integration of entropy generation for all available cold mass fractions unveiled that an optimized value for hot tube length and cold orifice diameter is exist.
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