Background:Psychological profile of inflammatory bowel disease patients is not well studied in Iran. We investigated the psychological status of Iranian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and its relationship with disease activity and quality of life (QOL).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult UC patients. The Lichtiger Colitis Activity Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, General Health Questionnaire-12, and WHOQOL-BREF, were completed by the patients.Results:From 120 studied patients, 35 (29.2%), 48 (40.0%), and 46 (38.3%) had significant anxiety, depression, and psychological distress, respectively. Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were strongly correlated with disease activity (r = 0.357 to 0.439, P < 0.01). Disease activity was negatively correlated with all QOL dimensions (r = −0.245 to −0.550, P < 0.01). Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were also negatively correlated with all QOL domains (r = −0.356 to −0.789, P < 0.01). In the regression models, anxiety was independently associated with active disease (β = 4.150, P = 0.049). Furthermore, disease activity was associated with the physical health (β = −0.371, P < 0.001). For almost all of the QOL domains, depression and psychological distress were independent predictors (β = −0.296 to −0.453, P < 0.001).Conclusion:Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress are highly frequent in UC patients of our society and are strongly associated with disease activity. Depression and psychological distress are important predictors of poor QOL in these patients. Further prospective studies, as well as clinical trials, are warranted in this regard.
Background: Patients with schizophrenia have abnormal skin flush response to niacin. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of niacin skin test in these patients. Objectives:We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of niacin skin test in these patients. Materials and Methods:This diagnostic trial with parallel-group design was conducted at the Noor university hospital in Isfahan (Iran) from January to September 2014. Participated Subjects were hospitalized schizophrenic adult and their first degree relatives, bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls (n = 25 in each group). Niacin skin test was performed using 0.5 mL of 0.1 M and 0.01 M diluted methyl nicotinate solutions applied every 5 minutes for a total of 20 minutes and graded from 0 (no redness) to 3 (extreme redness). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results:The time point at which there was no further significant change in the skin response was 10 minutes after the test. At this set point, schizophrenic patients had lower response to each solutions compared to others (P < 0.001), but there was no difference between bipolar disorder patients and controls (P > 0.05). A grade of ≤ 1 skin response to the 0.01 M solution of methyl nicotinate would provide sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 80%, 93.3%, 80%, and 93.3%, respectively, in differentiating schizophrenic from other groups. Using 0.1 M solution provide lower sensitivity (32%) and negative predictive value (81.5%), but higher specificity (100%) and positive predictive value (100%). Conclusions:Niacin skin flush response is impaired in schizophrenic patients. This phenomenon may be used as a complementary diagnostic test in psychiatric workups.
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