Regarding the findings of this study, it is expected that health system policymakers in the country, while striving to strengthen the positive aspect of changes in family relationships and interactions, will develop and execute operational, comprehensive, and society-based plans in order to eliminate the barriers and problems of relationships within the family, as well as in relation to the larger community, taking into consideration the family's cultural and social beliefs.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of MLC601 in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD). Study Design: This is an open-label pilot study. Place and Duration of Study: It was conducted at three university referral centres in Iran from September 2009 until November 2011. Methodology: One-hundred and twenty four outpatients with mild to moderate AD who had previously failed to tolerate or benefit from treatment with Rivastigmine for 6 months at a dose of 2 to 12 mg per day were switched to a MLC601 regimen of one capsule three times per day for up to 18 months. Outcome measures included adverse events (AEs), withdrawal rate, and changes in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the cognitive subscale of the AD Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog) relative to baseline measurements.
Background: Cancer is one of the most common diseases and it has many physical and psychological consequences. Women with cancer are more likely to suffer from sexual dysfunction (SD) than healthy women.
Objective: To estimate the overall prevalence of SD in women with cancer.
Materials and Methods: The international databases Google Scholar, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for related articles without any time limitation. The keywords “Neoplasia”, “Tumor”, “Cancer”, “Malignancy”, “Female Sexual Function Index”, “FSFI”, and “female sexual dysfunction” along with their combinations were used in the search. Inconsistencies in the data were examined using the I2 test. The data were analyzed using the meta-analysis method and the randomeffects model in the Stata software.
Results: The analysis of 24 articles with a sample size of 5483 women showed that the prevalence of SD in women with cancer was 66% (95% CI: 59-74%). The highest and lowest prevalence were in Africa and Europe, respectively (75%; 95% CI: 66-83% vs. 43%; 95% CI: 26-60%, respectively). There was no relationship between the prevalence of SD and the mean age of the women, sample size, yr of publication, or quality of articles.
Conclusion: SD is highly prevalent in women with cancer. African and American women with cancer have a higher average SD prevalence than Asian and European ones.
Key words: Sexual dysfunction, Prevalence, Meta-analysis, Women, Sex.
Nurses and policy makers should have special attention to consequences of stress in patients undergoing hemodialysis. It plays an important role to provide a framework for appropriate supportive measures and gives the opportunity for nurses to manage the problems facing these patients.
Please cite this paper as:
Introduction:Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a common problem in today's world. Patients with hemodialysis are subjected to stress even more severe than others. Objectives: This study aimed to explain patients' perception with hemodialysis about stress exposure and its consequences.
Patients and Methods:This study is a qualitative approach based on directed content analysis. The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews with patients treated with hemodialysis. Participants were selected using purposive sampling method and data saturation was reached by conducting 11 interviews so that, the new finding was not added. Data analysis was simultaneously conducted based on Grant's model of the consequence of exposure to stress. The validity and reliability of the data was confirmed using peer review method and results were also confirmed by participants. Results: Four themes, including support, psychological outcomes, adherence to treatment and physical trouble, 12 categories and 33 sub-categories were obtained during data analysis process. According to the results, "support" was added.
Conclusion:The results showed that patients, with the help of available supportive resources, confront with the difficulties that lie ahead and reduce the hemodialysis-related stress in themselves. Support resources including; family, medical personnel, similar patients, friends and community resources.
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