Epoxy resin is widely used in engineering applications. However their low thermal stability limits their usage at high sliding velocities and loads. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of a machine element subjected to friction and wear is very important. In this study, friction and tribology behaviors of MWCNT and BN modified epoxy resin have been investigated. Epoxy resin modified by three different nano particle configurations as 0.3% MWCNT, 0.5% BN and 0.5%MWCT/0.3%BN. The tribology characteristics of nano particle modified epoxy resin were compared with properties of neat resin. The friction and tribology behavior of modified epoxy resin were tested at ball-on-disc test stand at 1.2 ms -1 and 1.5 ms -1 sliding velocities under 10 N applied load. The tests were done under dry condition and 1800 m distance. The friction coefficient, wear loss and temperature increase during testing were recorded and compared with that of obtained for neat epoxy. It is observed that nano particle modification was resulted in enhancement in wear resistance and reduction in friction coefficient and working temperatures. Downloaded by [Selcuk Universitesi] at 23:41 06 February 2015 ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2
Brake pads are generally consisted of five different component groups. These groups are named as reinforcements, binders, abrasives, lubricants and fillers. Each of these groups has its own function such as to improve friction property, wear resistance, to increase strength, and to reduce porosity and noise. In this study, Miscanthus as reinforcement, cashew as lubricant, alumina as abrasive, calcite as filler, and phenolic resin as binder were used to produce composite ecological brake pad samples. Brake pads are usually developed through trial and error method and therefore, the evaluation process became complicated and time consuming due to the multiplicity of components, randomly selected mixing ratios, results obtained from the experiments, etc. and so Taguchi method is utilized to get rid of these difficulties of trial and error method. This study was made in order to determine the influence level of the brake pad ingredients and some production parameters to the density and porosity features of the brake pad samples. The ecological brake pad samples were manufactured and experiments were conducted to Taguchi Method L32 orthogonal array. According to the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) tables and other graphical results obtained from Taguchi method, the density feature of brake pad samples is more affected by the mixture proportion factors and moulding temperature, curing time and curing temperature factors have a minor effect on porosity feature of brake pad samples.
The aim of this paper is to develop new natural fibre reinforced for automotive brake pad application. For this purpose, new brake pad sampleswere produced using Miscanthus as reinforcement ingredient. The other ingredients are Cashew, Alumina, Phenolic Resin, and Calcite. Three different laboratory formulations were prepared with varying Miscanthus fibre contents from 10, 25, and 40 (wt) and these formulations were moulded four different moulding pressure values such as 50, 100, 200, and 300 MPa. Sieve analysis, density, apparent density, and hardness properties of brake pad samples produced are examined.
Excessive increase in environmental pollution due to the use of fuels derived from petroleum in internal combustion engines will make it mandatory the widespread use of alternative fuels or economically usage of existing fuels. Studies are focused on the issues of using available resources in the most efficient way, because of the world's oil reserves began to decline. In this study, the changes in the exhaust emissions of an internal combustion engine that works using gasoline exposed to a magnetic field were investigated. Results of this study are compared with other studies and reports which were made for this issue. The magnetic field device used in this study led to the fall of the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emissions and improved the lambda value. Index Terms-air-fuel ratio, engine, exhaust emissions, greenhouse gas, magnetic field device
The increasing world population and the level of prosperity have led to an increase in the need for transportation. In the historical process, the increase of the speed of transportation vehicles has been possible with the invention of internal combustion engines. Internal combustion engines are heat engines and use different fuels as an energy source. While combustion of fuel chemical energy transforms to the useful work and is obtained engine power and torque. To increase engine power and torque some innovations have been made for internal combustion engines such as electronic ignition system, fuel injection system, valve timing system and increasing compression ratio etc. On the one hand, these developments lead to increasing engine power and torque, emission regulations obstruct these outputs. Fuel additives are chemical compounds that can help to optimize between emissions and engine power and torque. Moreover, fuel additives are mixed with raw fuel, in order to get improving combustion efficiency, lower fuel consumption, decreasing engine wear, preventing failures, and better running in cold weather. Over and above the types and amounts of fuel additives may alterable depends on the fuel type, fuel producer and climatic factors.
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