Background: In routine ultrasonography, the ultrasonologist measures the bi-parietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) in estimating the gestational age (GA) and estimated date of delivery. However, as the pregnancy advances these parameters become increasingly unreliable in prediction of GA. Estimation of GA in late second and third trimester accurately still a problem till now. Fetal kidney has been shown a steady growth of 1.7 mm fortnightly (every 2 weeks) along pregnancy and is unaffected by growth abnormalities. Many studies have reported that fetal kidney length (FKL) correlates with the gestational age in late trimester very strong. The study aimed to assess the accuracy of the gestational age estimated by mean fetal kidney length compared to multiple growth parameters like BPD, HC, AC & FL in addition to the actual gestational age derived from the reliable last menstrual period. Methods: Cross sectional hospital based study, was conducted at ultrasound unit;
Objective: To compare between the efficacy of the use of oral sildenafil plus low dose aspirin versus the use of oral low dose aspirin alone in pregnancy as preventive measure in women at risk for preeclampsia (PE). Design: A randomized clinical trial. Setting: Outpatient Obstetric clinic of Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Population or sample: Women at gestational age of ≤16 weeks who at risk for PE between June 2018 and June 2019. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I Included 200 women who received a 25 mg tablet of oral sildenafil citrate tid until delivery plus 100 mg tablet of aspirin orally once daily until gestational age of 36 weeks, Group II Included 200 women who received a 100 mg tablet of aspirin orally once daily until gestational age of 36 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence of preeclampsia diagnosed per ACOG criteria. Results: The incidence of PE in both groups showed no statistically significant difference. The incidence of PE in the first group is 11.0%, and it is 12.0% in the second group (p-value 0.754). Conclusion: The addition of sildenafil citrate to low dose aspirin had no impact on the prevention of preeclampsia for women at risk of PE, in addition, sildenafil did not improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
Background Menopause is recognized to have occurred after one year of amenorrhea, for which there is no other obvious pathological or physiological cause. Perimenopause should include the period immediately prior to the menopause (when the endocrinological, biological and clinical features of approaching menopause commence) and the first one year after menopause. Objectives The aim of the study is classification of patients into those with benign endometrial pathology and those with endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma using endometrial volume and BMI. Patients and Methods This observational cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Ain Shams University Hospital from March 2019 till January 2020. The population of this study was 100 menopausal women with postmenopausal bleeding ≥12 months and endometrial thickness by TVUS ≥5 mm. Results According to histopathology of endometrial carcinoma, statistical analysis of our data revealed that age, menopausal duration and BMI were significantly highest. Parity was significantly lowest. Endometrial volume was significantly highest in carcinoma (7.9±2.9 cc). Age, menopausal duration, parity and endometrial volume had significant moderate diagnostic performance in predicting endometrial carcinoma but BMI had significantly low. Age ≥ 62.0, menopausal duration ≥ 11.0 and parity ≤3.0 had low diagnostic characteristics in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma but endometrial volume ≥ 6.0 had high sensitivity but low other diagnostic characteristics in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. According to histopathology of endometrial hyperplasia, statistical analysis of our data revealed that age, menopausal duration, BMI, parity and endometrial volume had no significant diagnostic performance in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. Conclusion In our study, analysis of data revealed that the using of transvaginal measurement of endometrial volume is the best predictor of endometrial cancer with a positive correlation with BMI.
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