Relationship between Transvaginal Ultrasound Endometrial Volume, Body Mass Index and Endometrial Pathology in Women with Postmenopausal Bleeding

Abstract

Background Menopause is recognized to have occurred after one year of amenorrhea, for which there is no other obvious pathological or physiological cause. Perimenopause should include the period immediately prior to the menopause (when the endocrinological, biological and clinical features of approaching menopause commence) and the first one year after menopause. Objectives The aim of the study is classification of patients into those with benign endometrial pathology and those with endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma using endometrial volume and BMI. Patients and Methods This observational cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Ain Shams University Hospital from March 2019 till January 2020. The population of this study was 100 menopausal women with postmenopausal bleeding ≥12 months and endometrial thickness by TVUS ≥5 mm. Results According to histopathology of endometrial carcinoma, statistical analysis of our data revealed that age, menopausal duration and BMI were significantly highest. Parity was significantly lowest. Endometrial volume was significantly highest in carcinoma (7.9±2.9 cc). Age, menopausal duration, parity and endometrial volume had significant moderate diagnostic performance in predicting endometrial carcinoma but BMI had significantly low. Age ≥ 62.0, menopausal duration ≥ 11.0 and parity ≤3.0 had low diagnostic characteristics in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma but endometrial volume ≥ 6.0 had high sensitivity but low other diagnostic characteristics in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. According to histopathology of endometrial hyperplasia, statistical analysis of our data revealed that age, menopausal duration, BMI, parity and endometrial volume had no significant diagnostic performance in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. Conclusion In our study, analysis of data revealed that the using of transvaginal measurement of endometrial volume is the best predictor of endometrial cancer with a positive correlation with BMI.