Rhodamine B is a syntheticdye use in paper, textile, and ink dyes. This compound can irritate the respiratory tract and cause cancer with liver damage. The present study aimed to find out the levels of rhodamine B contained in lipstick. It relied on qualitative and quantitative testing. The qualitative testing applied the thin-layer chromatography method with ethyl acetat eluent: n-buthanol : ammonia with the best ratio of 20:55:25. Meanwhile quantitative testing used the UV-Vis Specrophotometry method. It was shown from the quantitative test using thin-layer chromatography that three samples of lipstick contained rhodamine B. Further, the quantitative test with the UV-Vis spectrophotometry indicated that the levels of rhodamine B were measured at 6.62 µg/mL with 0.662%
Hypertension is a disease that continues to increase every year, where the keys to success for its treatment are selection and use of the drugs. The treatment failure occurred if the selection and use of medication are inappropriate with the condition of patients followed by DRPs. Unresolved hypertension can cause heart attack, kidney failure and stroke. The research aimed to identify DRPs at hypertension patients with or whitout comorbidity reviewed from the drug without indication, indication without drug, high doses, low doses, and drug interaction. The research was non-experimental descriptive research which applied cross-sectional design by collecting data through a retrospective at hypertension with or without comorbidity at Multazam Hospital of Gorontalo City for January-December 2018 periods. The samples were selected by purposive sampling and obtained 79 patients who were qualified as samples. The obtained data were analyzed with univariate. The finding of research showed that the use of medication at hypertension patient with or without comorbidity at Multazam Hospital of Gorontalo City for January-Desember 2018 periods based on five categories were drug without indication was 3.08%, indication without drug was 33,84%, high doses was 27,70%, low doses was 4,62% and drug interaction was 30,76%. The identification of DRPs of use of hypertension medication with or without comorbidity at Multazam Hospital of Gorontalo City for January-December 2018 periods was categorized good.
Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is a plant that contains phenolic compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. With this content, lime peel extract has the potential as a sunscreen and has antioxidant activity. Sunscreen compounds refer to ones that can protect the skin from the effect of ultraviolet radiation. At first, the peel was extracted by maceration method using three solvents with different polarity (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol). The preliminary test found that the ethyl acetate and ethanol 70% extracts positively contained phenol, tannin, and flavonoid compounds, which were marked by a color change in the sample and continued to test the sunscreen activity. Further, the sunscreen activity test was determined based on the determination of the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value that was done at 290-320 nm (wavelength) with a 5 nm interval. The results showed that the sunscreen activity of the peel extract is very good at a concentration of 200 ppm for ethyl acetate extract with a value of 28.8; meanwhile, ethanol extracts 70% and ethyl acetate extracts of 400 and 600 ppm concentrations with an average SPF value of 24, 42.5, 42.2 and 81.8, respectively, are included in ultra protection because they have an SPF value of 15.
One of the infectious diseases that occur in the oral cavity is dental caries (cavities). The bacteria that play a role in the occurrence of infection are Streptococcus mutans bacteria, and the matoa plant is one of the plants that can act as antibacterial (Pometia pinnata J.R Forst) which has high efficacious compounds. This study aimed to determine the activity and potency of the ethanolic extract of matoa fruit peel (Pometia pinnata J.R Forst & G. Forst) against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. This research is a laboratory experimental research. Matoa fruit peel simplicia was extracted by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, then tested for phytochemical screening to determine the class of compounds contained in the matoa fruit peel. Furthermore, the activity was tested against Streptococcus mutans bacteria using a positive control of chloramphenicol antibiotics and a negative control of Dimethyl Sulfoxide. After that, the values of the Minimum Inhibitory Level and Minimum Killer were measured. From these results, it was continued to test the antibacterial potential using the Kirby Bauer method. The results showed that the ethanol extract of matoa fruit peel (Pometia pinnata J.R Forst & G. Forst) had activity against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The potential value of the matoa fruit peel extract against Streptococcus mutans bacteria at concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75%, respectively, was 11.75 mm, 15.82 mm and 18.75 mm which was included in the category of strong inhibition.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.