Background and aim: The evidence on isolated oligohydramnios (IO) patients and their postnatal outcomes are inconsistent. Recent research has clarified the connection between that IO and negative outcomes in the postnatal period. Our goal was to analyze the correlation between Doppler measurements and postnatal outcomes in oligohydramnios patients, with a focus on the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR).Methodology: A cohort study was conducted in the Radiology Department of Khan Research Laboratories (KRL) Hospital from October 2021 to July 2022. One hundred women were chosen as the sample size. For this study, we used the Raosoft sample size calculator with a 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error. Both the middle cerebral artery and the umbilical artery were imaged using ultrasound, and the systolic-todiastolic ratio and peak systolic velocity are recorded. Pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) were also calculated. If the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is less than 5 cm, the condition is known as oligohydramnios. The newborn's APGAR score was taken immediately after birth as well as after 5 minutes.Results: We have determined that, on average, mothers are 35.45 weeks/248.15 days pregnant. When compared to the reference standard, CPR diagnostic features showed a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 77.27. Overall diagnostic accuracy is predicted to be 93.0%, with a 93.50% positive prognosis and a 73.91% negative prognosis. The effect size for the change in APGAR scores before and after the test was -2.38 1.03, with a 95% confidence interval of -2.58 to -2.17 and a significance level of 0.00.
Conclusion:This study concludes that CPR is an effective screening tool and that it can be used to predict postnatal outcomes in patients with oligohydramnios. Clinical prediction rules were found to be a more effective screening tool, with a sensitivity of 92%, a specificity of 77.27%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 92.3%.
Introduction: Oral health is considered as being free from any kind of oraldisease. Objectives: To explore the LAYMAN’S PERSPECTIVE regarding oral health, hisawareness about oral diseases. To examine their attitude and beliefs regarding the maintenanceof oral health. Study Design: We conducted mixed study on educated and uneducated people.Study Period: 01 May, 2016 to 01 May, 2017 Study Place: Punjab dental hospital, Lahore.Material & Methods: Qualitative method was used to collect knowledge and perspective ofuneducated people. Quantitative method was used to collect data from educated people. Weinterviewed uneducated people in differenst places of Lahore and questionnaires were filled byeducated people. Results: 58% of educated people and majority of uneducated people thinkthey should visit dentist only at the time of need. 73% educated people said bleeding gumsare indicative of oral disease, while majority of uneducated people said it does not indicateoral disease. Educated people were somewhat more aware of oral health and oral diseasewhile uneducated people were unaware of even maintenance of oral health and its importance.Conclusion: Education makes the difference. Educated people have more awareness aboutoral health. Still awareness is needed a lot.
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