Cutaneous symptoms ranked the order of clinical presentation of SAR. Food was the main triggering agent in the younger cases and insect sting and drugs in the adolescents. Treatment provided for SAR was not appropriate. It is necessary to improve educational programmes in order to enhance the knowledge on this potentially fatal emergency.

OBJECTIVES:The aims of the Online Latin American Survey of Anaphylaxis (OLASA) were to identify the main clinical manifestations, triggers, and treatments of severe allergic reactions in patients who were seen by allergists from July 2008 to June 2010 in 15 Latin American countries and Portugal (n = 634).RESULTS:Of all patients, 68.5% were older than 18 years, 41.6% were male, and 65.4% experienced the allergic reaction at home. The etiologic agent was identified in 87.4% of cases and predominantly consisted of drugs (31.2%), foods (23.3%), and insect stings (14.9%). The main symptom categories observed during the acute episodes were cutaneous (94.0%) and respiratory (79.0%). The majority of patients (71.6%) were treated initially by a physician (office/emergency room) within the first hour after the reaction occurred (60.2%), and 43.5% recovered in the first hour after treatment. Most patients were treated in an emergency setting, but only 37.3% received parenteral epinephrine alone or associated with other medication. However, 80.5% and 70.2% were treated with corticosteroids or antihistamines (alone or in association), respectively. A total of 12.9% of the patients underwent reanimation maneuvers, and 15.2% were hospitalized. Only 5.8% of the patients returned to the emergency room after discharge, with 21.7% returning in the first 6 hours after initial treatment.CONCLUSION:The main clinical manifestations of severe allergic reactions were cutaneous. The etiologic agents that were identified as causing these acute episodes differed according to age group. Following in order: drugs (31.2%), foods (23.3% and insect stings (14.9%) in adults with foods predominance in children. Treatment provided for acute anaphylactic reactions was not appropriate. It is necessary to improve educational programs in order to enhance the knowledge on this potentially fatal emergency.

No abstract

RESUMOO ob je ti vo des te es tu do foi co nhe cer a taxa de in fec ção pelo ba ci lo da Tu ber cu lo se en tre es tu dan tes dos dois pri me i ros e dois úl ti mos pe río dos dos cur sos de Me di ci na e Enfer ma gem da Uni ver si da de Esta du al de Mon tes Cla ros, além de ve ri fi car o co nhe ci men to so bre a trans mis são e pre ven ção da tuber cu lo se ocu pa ci o nal, bem como a uti li za ção des tas me di das pre ven ti vas. Re a li zou-se es tu do transver sal, em que to dos os es tu dan tes dos dois pe río dos ini ci a is e dois pe río dos fi na is do cur so de Me dici na e de Enfer ma gem fo ram sub me ti dos a um ques ti o ná rio pa drão e ao tes te tu ber cu lí ni co (PPD), para de ter mi nar a pre va lên cia de in fec ção por tu ber cu lo se. Os re sul ta dos mos tra ram di fe ren ça de rea ção ao tes te tu ber cu lí ni co nos es tu dan tes dos pe río dos ini ci a is e fi na is do cur so mé di co, en quan to nos es tu dan tes de Enfer ma gem não hou ve di fe ren ça en tre os pe río dos. Ficou evidenciado o limitado conhecimento sobre a transmissão e prevenção da aquisição de tu ber cu lo se, o que aumenta os riscos de aquisição do bacilo. ABSTRACTThe study ai med to iden tify the tu ber cu lo sis in fec ti on rate among stu dents from the first and last two ye ars in the Scho ols of Me di ci ne and Nur sing at the Sta te Uni ver sity in Mon tes Cla ros, Mi nas Gera is, Bra zil, in ad di ti on to ve rif ying the ir know led ge on trans mis si on and pre ven ti on of oc cu pa ti o nal tu ber cu lo sis and the use of the re com men ded pre ven ti ve me a su res. A cross-sec ti o nal study was conduc ted in which all the stu dents from the first and last two ye ars of Me di ci ne and Nur sing ans we red a stan dard ques ti on na i re and had a tu ber cu lin skin test (TST) to de ter mi ne the pre va len ce of tu ber cu losis in fec ti on. The re sults sho wed a dif fe ren ce in the TST re ac ti vity rate bet we en the first and fi nal ye ars of me di cal scho ol, whi le the re was no dif fe ren ce in nur sing stu dents. The study re ve a led the stu dents' li mi ted knowledge concerning tu ber cu lo sis transmission and prevention, leaving them at increased risk of tu ber cu lo sis infection.

Introduction: Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of allergic manifestation and constitutes a true medical emergency. Allergy to latex has increased a lot in the last 30 years parallel to the use of derivative products in healthcare environments with particular emphasis on gloves. At the same time, preventive measures and therapies have emerged within the Anesthesiology field for the appropriate management of patients with allergy to latex, from the pre-anesthetic assessment to hospital discharge. The magnitude of the reactions to latex range from harmless skin plates to dramatic cardiovascular collapse. 1 Objective: to describe the preoperative approach in two patients allergic to latex, with emphasis on the preparation of an operating room as latex safe ("latex free") at the Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte and to present a brief bibliographical review about latex allergy and its implications for the anesthesiologist. Methods: we selected two recent cases, in March and April of 2012, and requested written consent from these patients. The literature review included a search of indexed domestic and foreign publications on the topic. Conclusion: latex allergy represents a real problem with 0.2% incidence in the general population, without considering individuals with risk factors. Thus, preventive and therapeutic measures should be known to the anesthesiologist for the appropriate management of susceptible patients. Therefore, latex safe environments deserve special mention as the main preventive alternative.

Table of contentsA1 Characterization of the immunoallergic profile towards the proteins of the wheat flour in Cuban populationRaúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Beatriz Tamargo, Damaris Torralba Averoff, Raysa Cruz, Yunia Oliva Diaz, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Alexis Labrada, Maytee MateoA2 Are peanuts causing food allergy in Cuba?Maytee Mateo, Damaris Torralba Averoff, Raysa Cruz, Yunia Oliva Diaz, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Beatriz Tamargo, Alexis LabradaA3 Prick test and immunoallergic profile to soy allergens in Cuban populationOmar Herrera, Maytee Mateo, Raysa Cruz, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Alexis LabradaA4 Skin sensitization and immunoallergic profile to hen's egg in Cuban populationJosé Severino Rodríguez Canosa, Raysa Cruz, Maytee Mateo, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Alexis LabradaA5 Sensitization to three domestic mites in patients with adverse food events to shellfishMirta Alvarez Castello, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Alexis Labrada, BiocenA6 Diagnostic efficacy by skin prick test with allergenic extracts of legumes in Cuban patientsYamilet Ibizate Novales, Ilonka Estruch Fajardo, Alexis Labrada, Maytee Mateo, Armando GinardA7 Baked egg goods without wheat flour carry an increased risk of reactionBruce Lanser, Anna Faino, Erwin Gelfand, Pia HaukA8 Prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors of adverse reaction to food in Cuban infants - a population-based prospective studySilvia Venero Fernández, Julia Urbina, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Ramón Suárez Medina, Hermes Fundora Hernández, John Britton, Andrew William FogartyA9 Microbiome in ice machines and assessing the plasma nanotechnology in breaking the biofilm and improving air qualityNabarun Ghosh, Clinton Ross Bell, Chandini Revanna, Constantine Saadeh, Jeff Bennert, Danius Bouyi, Mitsy Veloz, Nelofar SheraliA10 Characteristics of patients with food allergy in health public serviceMagna CoelhoA11 Allergic rhinitis and asthma index increased in Texas panhandle and AHPCO and plasma nanotechnology as solutionsNabarun Ghosh, Jeff Bennert, Danius Bouyi, Constantine Saadeh, Clinton Ross Bell, Mitsy Veloz, Chandini Revanna, Nelofar SheraliA12 Antigen-specific T follicular helper cells mediate peanut allergy in miceJoseph J. Dolence, Takao Kobayashi, Koji Iijima, Hirohito Kita, Hirohito Kita, Ashli Moore, James KrempskiA13 Production of recombinant Mal d 3, a major apple allergen, in Pichia Pastoris, to investigate the impact of the food matrix and post-translational modifications on Mal d 3 immuno-reactivityRoberta Aina, Riccardo Asero, Sabine Pfeifer, Pawel Dubiela, Merima Bublin, Christian Radauer, Piotr Humeniuk, Karin Hoffmann-SommergruberA14 Reaction to sports drink: no whey! Whey allergy in absence of clinical cow’s milk allergyFrank Eidelman, Ves Dimov, Charl KhalilA15 Food allergy on Tumblr: focus on teena...