The described technique allows reconstruction of the MPFL in skeletally immature patients with ligament laxity avoiding any potential risks of growth disturbances or chondral damage as compared to other techniques. The modification of two-point femoral fixation allows both a more anatomic and more secure form of reconstruction and is cost-effective without the need for hardware.
The minimal anterolateral acromial approach is suitable for MI technique to apply the NCB-PH. The relationship of the axillary nerve to the plate is anatomically close. We recommend that strict bone contact be maintained during plate insertion and that screw insertion complies with the guidelines provided for this technique. In a small clinical cases series, the plate and screws were inserted in accordance with these guidelines and no axillary nerve lesions have yet been detected.
Background
Femoral tunnel can be drilled through tibial tunnel (TT), or independent of it (TI) by out-in (OI) technique or by anteromedial (AM) technique. No consensus has been reached on which technique achieves more proper femoral aperture position because there have been evolving concepts in the ideal place for femoral aperture placement. This meta-analysis was performed to analyze the current literature comparing femoral aperture placement by TI versus TT techniques in ACL reconstruction.
Methods
We performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of English-language literature in PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for articles comparing femoral aperture placement by TI versus TT techniques with aperture position assessed by direct measurement or by postoperative imaging, PXR and/or CT and/or MRI.
Results
We included 55 articles with study population of 2401 knees of whom 1252 underwent TI and 1149 underwent TT techniques. The relevant baseline characteristics, whenever compared, were comparable between both groups. There was nonsignificant difference between TI and TT techniques in the distance from aperture center to footprint center and both techniques were unable to accurately recreate the anatomic footprint position. TI technique significantly placed aperture at more posterior position than TT technique. TI technique significantly lowered position of placed aperture perpendicular to Blumensaat’s line (BL) than TT technique, and modifications to TT technique had significant effect on this intervention effect. Regarding sagittal plane aperture placement along both AP anatomical axis and BL, there was nonsignificant difference between both techniques.
Conclusion
Modifications to TT technique could overcome limitations in aperture placement perpendicular to BL. The more anterior placement of femoral aperture by TT technique might be considered, to some extent, a proper position according to recent concept of functional anatomical ACL reconstruction.
The NCB-PH plate provides superior interfragmentary stability when used in the locked mode in a human cadaveric proximal humerus fracture model. Therefore, we recommend that all screws should be inserted in the locked mode. The results suggest that the NCB-PH plate in the locked mode provides higher primary postoperative stability thus permitting early functional treatment of the patient.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.