Sea ports are the driving force behind economic development. If ports operate efficiently and in conditions that support growth, the entire national economy gains. However, ports facing barriers and a scarcity of favourable factors have a negative impact on a country's economy. In terms of sustainable development, it does not suffice to increase the economic potential of ports; it is also necessary to strive for balance between social and environmental interests, so that the sea may provide for everyone, including the future generations. It is important to enable ports to operate in such a way as not to stunt their competitiveness but to allow for development without disrupting the social and economic balance. The aim of this article is to investigate whether the existing legal instruments in the field of sustainable development of ports match the specific profile of ports as entities and whether the assumptions for sustainable development work well in practice. The article contains an analysis and assessment of legal regulations concerning sustainable development of sea ports. Selected legal instruments with direct or indirect impact on the formation of the sustainable development policy for Polish sea ports have been analysed at the global, European and national levels. Reference has been made to regulations related both to hard law and soft law. The article draws special attention to a balance between social, economic and environmental interests as a foundation for sustainable development.
Candida orthopsilosis represents a closely related cryptic genospecies of Candida parapsilosis complex-misidentified in routine diagnostic assays. This is emerging in settings where central venous catheters, invasive medical interventions, and echinocandin treatments are most likely to be used. A 59-year-old, non-neutropenic male patient, was admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) due to respiratory distress syndrome, following a partial gastrectomy. As a result of duodenal stump leakage, re-laparotomy was required, abdominal drains were provided and central line catheters were exchanged. Multiple isolates of Candida orthopsilosis drawn from consecutive blood cultures were identified, despite ongoing echinocandin therapy and confirmed in vitro echinocandins susceptibility of the isolated strain. Species identification was verified via ITS region sequencing. Herein, we report the well-documented—per clinical data and relevant laboratory diagnosis—first case of a bloodstream infection caused by Candida orthopsilosis in Poland.
Tematem publikacji jest stosowanie ograniczeń swobód gospodarczych w Unii Europejskiej z powodu potrzeby zapewnienia pracownikom portowym bezpieczeństwa. Kluczowym problemem prawnym było ustalenie, czy wprowadzone przez państwo ograniczenia były adekwatne i konieczne do osiągnięcia celu, jakim jest chroniony interes publiczny. Głównym celem było przeprowadzenie testu proporcjonalności ograniczeń swobód gospodarczych UE uzasadnionych względami bezpieczeństwa pracowników portowych, a w szczególności ocena konieczności przyjętych ograniczeń. Przeprowadzona analiza doprowadziła do wniosku zgodnego z rozstrzygnięciem Trybunału Sprawiedliwości. We wnioskach uznano, że ograniczenie wykonywania pracy portowej tylko dla uznanych pracowników portowych jest dopuszczalnym ograniczeniem swobód gospodarczych UE, jeżeli jej celem jest zagwarantowanie bezpieczeństwa w strefach portowych i zapobieganie wypadkom przy pracy.
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