Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) is one of the endemic fish from the waters of the Banggai Islands, Central Sulawesi Province. One factor challenging the production of P. kauderni larvae is the male fish will nurture the eggs and larvae for 30 days, hindering next spawning cycle. One effort to overcome this problem an increase of male fish number should be performed, for example through sex reversal. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the hormone 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT) through Artemia sp. to increase male sex percentage P. kauderni. This study used a completely randomized design by testing four treatments namely feeding Artemia sp. which has been soaked with 2.0 mg of the 17α-MT hormone for two- hours given to P. kauderni larvae for 10 days (A); 20 days (B); 30 days (C), and without hormone treatment 17α-MT (control). Each treatment included control was performed in triplicates. The percentage of male sex was 93.33 % at 30 days treatment and was higher (P<0.05) compared to controls (53.3 %). Additionally, the results showed that daily growth rate, biomass gain and survival rate of all treatments were not significantly different (P>0.05) with those of control. In conclusion, Artemia sp. contained 17α-methyltestosterone enhanced male percentage of P. kaurderni. Keywords: growth, male percentage, Artemia sp., survival rate, Pterapogon kauderni

Currently, spiny lobster fishery in Indonesia ranks third as an export commodity from the crustacean subphylum after shrimp and blue swimming crab – mud crab. Most of the spiny lobster export needs still rely on wild population resulting in fishing pressure. To ensure the sustainability of spiny lobster stocks, information of the Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) is needed. This study aims to analyze SPR of spiny lobsters of Panulirus femoristriga and P. versicolor species. The research was conducted in May − November 2022 in Donggala Regency waters. SPR analysis uses the Length-Based SPR method. The results showed that the stock status of P. femoristriga and P. versicolor had experienced growth overfishing and recruitment overfishing with estimated SPRs of 17 and 11%, respectively. Fishing regulations are needed to maintain a sustainable spiny lobster fishery through increased participation of stakeholders in the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the regulations set by the government. In addition, it is necessary to reduce of efforts 27 − 33% from the current exploitation rate to E50 0.28.

Seaweed farming development received support from local government with “Gema Biru Sulawesi Tengah” which makes seaweed commodities became the competitive commodity across sectors in the region. Nowadays, the demand of the dried seaweeds as well as semi-finished products (semi-finished carrageenan) tends to be increased rapidly because they are classified as healthy food. On the other hand, the farmer in the district of Bangkep relatively still being traditional by planting in the territorial which estimated suitable for seaweed. The Study aims to identify the water potential of seaweed farming and to analyze the economic variables that affecting the production of seaweed based on its deployment area. This research is conducted in Bangkep in 4sub-districts area i.e. Bulagisub-district (Peling Peasa, Bulagi and Kambal village), South Bulagi District (Bulagi, Palabatu, and Lolantang village), South Tingkung district (Tinangkung, Bobu and Gangsal village) and Liang district (Apal, binatuli and Liang village). The determination of locations is done purposively with 56 respondents. The data Analysis used are suitability analysis with water measurement and testing of water sample as well as regression analysis. The research shows that the locations of the farms have water quality which suitable with the seaweed, which shown by the result of the physical-chemical measurement parameters that meet with the growing requirements in the range of achievement 74.00-82.67%. Economic aspects show the average income of the   seaweed farmers are Rp. 1.614.434. Further variables simultaneously independent (age, education, number of dependents, experience, the amount of expanses, and prices) that affect the production of seaweed, while partially only age, experience, amount of expanses, and prices significantly affect the production on the t value of each are 2.57; 3.69; 2.49; and 2.33.

Wilayah Kecamatan Banawa Kabupaten Donggala merupakan satu-satunya dari 16 kecamatan di Kabupaten Donggala yang tidak memiliki lahan sawah, karena daerah tersebut merupakan wilayah pesisir Teluk Palu dan Laut Sulawesi. Sebagai daerah pesisir, masyarakat umumnya berkerja sebagai nelayan tangkap. Kehidupan nelayan tersebut sangat bergantung pada cuaca dan iklim. Bila cuaca dianggap baik, nelayan tersebut turun ke laut untuk menangkap ikan, sebaliknya bila cuaca dianggap kurang baik maka nelayan tidak melaut dan hal ini juga terjadi di hampir semua daerah pesisir di Sulawesi Tengah. Akibatnya kondisi kehidupan masyarakat di wilayah pesisir tersebut masih sangat memprihatinkan, karena hasil tangkapan ikan sangat tergantung pada alam. Untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup dan pendapatan masyarakat nelayan dapat dilakukan dengan mengolah lahan pekarangan menjadi produktif. Hampir semua rumah tangga nelayan memiliki lahan pekarangan tetapi belum diusahakan karena tidak memiliki ketrampilan. Dengan melakukan budidaya sayuran organik di lahan pekarangan akan membantu masyarakat dalam menyediakan pangan yang sehat dan bergizi serta mendukung ketahanan pangan masyarakat. Program KKN-PPM ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat sasaran dalam mengembangkan lahan pekarangan untuk budidaya sayuran organik untuk pemenuhan pangan dan gizi serta pendapatan nelayan. Program KKN-PPM melatih dan mendampingi masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal secara optimal khususnya dalam mengelola lahan pekarangan secara intensif. Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan dari program KKN-PPM tersebut, dilakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat bagi kelompok sasaran dengan kegiatan meliputi: (a) sosialisasi program KKN-PPM kepada pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat kelompok sasaran, (b) penyuluhan tentang pentingnya memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan secara intensif untuk budidaya sayuran organik (c), pelatihan teknik budidaya sayuran secara organik serta (d) pendampingan pengelolaan lahan pekarangan secara intensif dengan melibatkan sumber daya keluarga bersama kelompok masyarakat sasaran secara partisipatif. Hasil pelaksanaan program KKN- PPM di Kecamatan Banawa telah melakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat berupa pembuatan pupuk organik dan pengembangan RPL yang menjadi program kerja utama mahasiswa. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan program kerja mahasiswa dapat dikatakan tergolong cukup karena pada setiap acara kegiatan selalu dihadiri oleh masyarakat di kedua desa yang menjadi lokasi KKN-PPM

Kendala budidaya ikan mas yaitu pemberian pakan buatan pada benih yang belum optimal terhadap terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan. Hal ini disebabkan karena sistem pencernaan pada benih belum berdiferensiasi secara morfologis maupun fisiologis, sehingga kemampuan benih untuk mencerna pakan masih memerlukan penambahan suplemen seperti probiotik. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh penambahan EM-4 dalam pakan terhadap SGR, FCR dan sintasan benih ikan mas. Penelitian dilaksanakan April - Mei 2019 di Laboratorium Kualitas Air dan Biota Akuatik, Universitas Tadulako. Penelitian menggunakan RAL terdiri 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu variasi dosis penambahan EM-4 yang dicampur pada pakan komersil: A (0 ml/kg pakan); B (2 ml/kg pakan); C (6 ml/kg pakan); D (10 ml/kg pakan); E (14 ml/kg pakan). Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan probiotik EM-4 pada pakan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap SGR, FCR dan sintasan ikan mas. Perlakuan D (10 ml/kg pakan) merupakan perlakuan terbaik yang menghasilkan SGR 0,014%, pertumbuhan bobot mutlak sebesar 7,775 g, FCR sebesar 0,350 dan sintasan 95%.