The study has been conducted in a professional greenhouse where grafted seedlings and grafted eggplants have been produced. Two eggplant hybrids, 'Classic F1' and 'Black Pear F1' were used as scion and one of the Lycopersicon genus, 'Kaiser F1' and three Solanum genus, 'L1S', 'L23B' and 'Torpedo' were used as rootstocks, resulting in eight grafted combinations. It has been observed that for all grafting combinations the grafting percentage was ranging from 95% to 98%. The rootstocks utilized have influenced the vigour of the grafted plants. They influenced plant height which reached values of roughly 1.0 m and number of leaves resulting in values of 2.5-3.0 times higher in comparison to the ungrafted plants. Comparative to the ungrafted plants the grafting combinations also influenced the productivity of plants. The highest fructification potential has been observed at 'Classic F1' grafted on all eggplant rootstocks. Compared to ungrafted plants, which has yielded 2.46 kg per plant, the highest yield obtained from 'Classic F1' grafted on 'L23B' has been of 4.27 kg per plant, followed by 'Torpedo' rootstock with 4.1 kg per plant. 'Black Pearl F1' have been produced 4.15 kg per plant when grafted on the 'Kaiser F1' rootstock and 4 kg per plant when grafted on the 'Torpedo' rootstock. Regarding the production per hectare, the largest production augmentation, of 30%, was noted at 'Classic F1' grafted on the eggplant rootstock 'L23B'. The 'Black Pearl F1' grafted on the tomato rootstock 'Kaiser F1' registered a 20% increment in production. The rootstocks utilized have slightly influenced the content of the soluble dry substance on both hybrids grafted on 'Kaiser F1'. The result has been a 6% dry substance in comparison to the 5.3% at the ungrafted hybrids. The grafting has had an insignificant influence of the total amount of carbohydrates at all grafting combinations.
The grafting eggplants cultivars onto rootstocks that are resistant to the soil-borne pathogens and nematodes is a method known for many years, but which has improved and spread quickly in the last years. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the influence of some rootstocks on the crop of grafted eggplant. The Romanian eggplant "Andra F1" and Dutch hybrid "Sharapova", were grafted onto the rootstocks "King Kong, Emperador, Hikyaku, KA-312, Torvum vigor and Espina". It was determined the influence of the eggplants rootstock on the marketable yield, early harvest, fruits quality and nutritional value. There were calculated the disease incidence (I %), disease severity (S %) and attack degree (AD%) at the experimental variants for soil pathogens Verticillium dahliae, respectively Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae and nematodes Meloidogyne spp. The resulted values were used to calculate the attack degree (as an expression of extending attack seriousness) on the following formula: AD% =(S% x I %) /100, where AD% represents attack degree. Presence of root galls induced by nematodes, were visually assessed at the end of the trials on 50% of the plants harvested from the middle of the plots. The rootstocks which led to the increase of yield and tolerance to the lower soil temperatures as well as to a earliness character of the yield were "Emperador, King Kong and Hikyaku". The percent of first class fruits were higher to the grafted eggplants than to the non-grafted plants. It not were registered significant differences between rootstocks concerning the influence of rootstock on the nutritional value of the eggplants fruits. The frequency of damage to the plants of eggplants by the soil-born pathogen and nematodes attack was significantly reduced by grafting eggplant scions onto resistant rootstocks. The rootstocks "Emperador, King Kong and Hikyaku" led to increased marketable yield, fruits quality, early harvest and nutritional value. "Emperador F1" rootstocks reduced the frequency and severity of infection with the soil-borne pathogens and the nematodes attack.
The study aimed to assess if grafting affects tomato fruit quality. The research has been conducted in greenhouses where grafted and ungrafted tomatoes have been produced. A Romanian tomato hybrid and a Dutch tomato hybrid, ‘Siriana’ F1 and ‘Abellus’ F1, were used as scions and four cultivars of the Lycopersicon genus, ‘Emperador’ F1 (Dutch hybrid), ‘L542’, ‘L543’ and ‘L544’ (Romanian cultivars) were used as rootstocks. Eight grafted variants (‘Siriana’בEmperador’, ‘Siriana’בL542’, ‘Siriana’בL543’, ‘Siriana’בL544’, ‘Abellus’× ‘Emperador’, ‘Abellus’בL542’, ‘Abellus’בL543’, ‘Abellus’בL544’) and two ungrafted variants (‘Siriana’, control and ‘Abellus’, control) were obtained. The tomato fruit quality has been observed at ‘Siriana’ and ‘Abellus’ grafted on all rootstocks. Compared to ungrafted tomatoes, which have yielded 80.1% and 85.3% of extra and first quality fruits, ‘Siriana’ and ‘Abellus’ grafted on ‘Emperador’ have had a very good fruit quality, 82.3% and 86.8% and grafted on Romanian cultivars have had a quality between 79.1-79.8% and 84.1-84.4% to the same quality standards. Analyzing the dependence between the quality categories (extra and first class) and the soluble dry substance content, a positive dependence was observed between grafted plants and ungrafted plants at both hybrids, ‘Siriana’ r2 = 0.4914 and ‘Abellus’ r2 = 0.1517 and the carbohydrates content, a negative dependence was observed between grafted plants and ungrafted plants at both hybrids, ‘Siriana’ r2 = 0.017 and ‘Abellus’ r2 = 0.798. The total vitamin C content has decreased after grafting. The grafting has had an influence on the soluble dry substance content, the total amount of carbohydrates and vitamin C at all grafting combinations. It can be said that the rootstocks played an important role on the fruit quality. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********
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