MSC and EPC can be cultivated in combination on a fibronectin-coated beta-TCP, thereby partly maintaining their lineage typical gene expression. The results of the in vivo examinations suggest that beta-TCP combined with EPC and MSC can used as a suitable tool to foster bone healing.

<b><i>Background:</i></b> To date, there are inconsistent data about relationships between diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and tumor grading/microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our purpose was to systematize the reported results regarding the role of DWI in prediction of tumor grading/MVI in HCC. <b><i>Method:</i></b> MEDLINE library, Scopus, and Embase data bases were screened up to December 2019. Overall, 29 studies with 2,715 tumors were included into the analysis. There were 20 studies regarding DWI and tumor grading, 8 studies about DWI and MVI, and 1 study investigated DWI, tumor grading, and MVI in HCC. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 21 studies (1,799 tumors), mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values (ADC_mean) were used for distinguishing HCCs. ADC_mean of G1–3 lesions overlapped significantly. In 4 studies (461 lesions), minimum ADC (ADC_min) was used. ADC_min values in G1/2 lesions were over 0.80 × 10⁻³ mm²/s and in G3 tumors below 0.80 × 10⁻³ mm²/s. In 4 studies (241 tumors), true diffusion (<i>D</i>) was reported. A significant overlapping of <i>D</i> values between G1, G2, and G3 groups was found. ADC_mean and MVI were analyzed in 9 studies (1,059 HCCs). ADC_mean values of MIV+/MVI− lesions overlapped significantly. ADC_min was used in 4 studies (672 lesions). ADC_min values of MVI+ tumors were in the area under 1.00 × 10⁻³ mm²/s. In 3 studies (227 tumors), <i>D</i> was used. Also, <i>D</i> values of MVI+ lesions were predominantly in the area under 1.00 × 10⁻³ mm²/s. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> ADC_min reflects tumor grading, and ADC_min and <i>D</i> predict MVI in HCC. Therefore, these DWI parameters should be estimated for every HCC lesion for pretreatment tumor stratification. ADC_mean cannot predict tumor grading/MVI in HCC.

IntroductionRadioembolisation of liver tumours demands many choices from the physician regarding planning of treatment and subsequent follow-up.MethodsAn online questionnaire was distributed amongst all members of the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE) to investigate the current state of radioembolisation practice.ResultsThe survey was completed by 60 centres. The increasing number of radioembolisation procedures may reflect that radioembolisation is increasingly recognised as a valuable treatment option in European cancer guidelines. Imaging modalities play an important role in decision making. Furthermore, there seems to be a trend towards less coil-embolisation of non-target vessels. In addition, type of microsphere, model for dose calculation, complications and future developments are evaluated in this article.ConclusionsThis survey provides insight into the current state of radioembolisation practice across Europe.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00270-018-1982-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Expected changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after RE were shown. Furthermore, baseline values of IL-6 and IL-8 were associated with later liver dysfunction and survival. We hypothesize that these biomarkers are potential prognosticators and might help in patient selection for RE.

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The use of modern angiographic units with flat panel detectors and strict application of methods of radiation reduction lead to a significantly lower radiation exposure. Target DAP for UAE should be kept below 5,000 cGy × cm(2).

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