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The present study was stimulated by the problem of onion seed production where seed production is possibly only winter period after whichrapid increase in temperature as well as early shower adversely affect the quality of seed. To overcome this situation a field experiment wasundertaken to find out the optimum planting time for maximizing quality true seeds of onion. The experiment was laid out in a randomizedcomplete block design with four replications. The treatments were five planting dates viz. 1 October, 15 October, 30 October, 15 Novemberand 30 November to achieve the objective. The research work was done at On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Bogra during September, 2010to June, 2011. The results revealed that the growth parameters, seed yield components, health and quality of harvested seeds were significantlyinfluenced by the different treatments. Results showed that among different planting dates, 15th November was the best for seed and quality.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.11847     Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 67-72

The study was carried out to assess the awareness of peoples on the impact of tannery waste disposal on environmental pollution of selected areas in Dhaka City. Data were collected by interviewing 300 peoples randomly of which 90 were labor, 60 livestock farmers, 60 fishermen and 90 were in local people in the study areas. Data were collected on age, education level, occupation, type of waste, color of waste, waste disposal time, environmental effect, human diseases, environmental pollution awareness, livestock diseases, livestock production and fisheries production. The findings revealed that about 34% respondents were illiterate. Both solid and liquid waste (56%) was come out from the tannery of which half of them were black in color. About 45% respondents were reported that the most environmental effect was bad smell to the surrounding areas. Survey result also showed different health problems such as skin diseases, itch, rash, cough, fever, diarrhea, headache, asthma, dizziness etc due to unplanned tannery waste disposal. The highest proportion (38%) of respondents had low environmental pollution awareness due to their education level. Livestock and poultry were died due to tannery waste indicated by 59% respondents. The livestock and fish production was low, reported by 48%. Education, occupation and type of waste had significant positive relationship where color of waste had no relationship with their environmental pollution awareness. The results of this study will be helpful to create people's awareness on environmental pollution and their impact by tannery waste disposal.

This study was designed to investigate the prevalence and pathology of mite infestation in the street dog at Dinajpur municipality area, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, during June to September, 2010 using simultaneous clinical and histopathological examination and identification. A total of 48 street dogs (27 male and 21 female) were examined, among them 30(62.5%) were infested with one or more species of mites. Two species of mites were identified as Sarcoptes scabiei var.canis and Demodex canis. The range of mites burden was 1-5 per square inch of heavily infested area. Mean mites burden was high in case of Sarcoptes scabiei var.canis (1.5±0.2) followed by Demodex canis (0.6±0.1). Prevalence was higher in the dog of 1-2 years of age (68.9%) than in the dog of >2-4 years of age (52.6%). Infestation of mite was significantly (p<0.05) higher in male (66.6%) than female (57.1%) dog. Mite infestation was more prevalent in the poor healthy dog (75.7%) than the normal healthy dog (33.3%). Prevalence of mites infestation was significantly (p<0.05) higher in back region (68.1%) followed by face and neck (66.6%) and abdomen (58.3%) and lowest in thigh and groin (40.0%). Grossly, alopecia, rough, dry leathery and corrugation of skin, erythema, pastules, crusts and pruritus were found. Microscopically, it was characterized by acanthosis, slight hyperkeratosis, formation of hyperplastic rete-pegs, destruction of dermis and epidermis, hyperplastic changes in sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair follicular cells, pyogranuloma in papillary layer and hair follicles and infiltration of neutrophils, oeosinophils, lymphocytes and few macrophages. The results indicate that street dogs of Dinajpur municipality area are very much susceptible to mite infestation. The mite produces clinico- pathological effects on dog, which may be the serious threat to public health. Keywords: Prevalence; Pathology; Mite infestation; Street dogs DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8753 JBAU 2011; 9(1): 111-119

A field experiment was carried out to study the "Influence of transplanting dates and population densities on the growth and yield of onion" was carried out at Dargai with collaboration of Agriculture Extension Department, Dargai Malakand Division, Pakistan. The experiment was designed as Randomizes Complete Block Design (RCBD) as Split plot arrangement having two factors, transplanting dates and row spacing. Transplanting dates (15 th December, 31 st December and 15 th January) were in the main plots while row spacing (15, 20, 25 and 30 cm) were in sub plots replicated three times. Recommended dose of NPK (120: 90: 60) kg ha -1 were applied. Swat-I variety of onion was grown. The data on number of leaves plant -1 , plant height (cm), leaf width (cm), bulb diameter (cm), average bulb weight (g), number of bubs kg -1 and total yield t ha -1 were recorded. Significant variations were recorded for transplanting dates and different row spacing for all the parameters studied. The mean data showed that plants with transplanting date of 15 th December resulted best in all the parameters, i.e. maximum number of leaves plant -1

Abstract:The study was undertaken to determine the livelihood status of slum dwellers in some selected areas of North Dhaka City Corporation and to explore the relationship between livelihood statuses of slum dwellers with the selected characteristics. Data were collected from 130 slum households by using interview schedule from July to October 2012 in following a stratified random sampling procedure. Majority (43.08%) of the respondents were young in the study area. Almost one half (43.07%) of the respondents was illiterate to could sign only. Majority of the slum people were found in the low annual income category, low media contact, low training exposure and medium environmental knowledge. Overall livelihood status of the slum people was found low and majorities (65.37%) of the respondents were found having high problems (such as lack of proper waste management system, lack of proper sanitation and drainage system, water crisis than necessary and lack of proper health facilities). Relationship among the variables was determined by using the Pearson's Product Moment correlation co-efficient (r). The computed value of correlation coefficient showed that education, annual income, media contact, training exposure, and knowledge about environment showed significant positive relationship at 0.01 level of probability with their livelihood status. On the other hand, age, family size and credit had no significant relationship with their livelihood status.

Farmers of our country are not aware about seed treatment for controlling seed borne fungi. Seeds of 3 rice varieties viz. BR11, BRRI dhan30 and BRRI dhan33 were collected from farmers houses of Gopalpur, Tangail. Three seed treating fungicides viz. vitavax 200 vitavax 200 (0.25%), thiovit (0.25%) and cupravit (0.25%) were used. Collected seed samples were tested by dry inspection and blotter method. The highest and the lowest germination were recorded in seed samples of BRRI dhan30 (90%) and BRRI dhan33 (75%). After seed treatment the highest and the lowest germination were recorded in seed samples of BRRIdhan30, BRRI dhan33 (100) treated by vitavax 200 (0.25%) and BR11 (80%) in control. Seed health test by blotter method revealed seed borne fungi belonging to six genera viz. Bipolarisoryzae (2.5 to 8.53%), Alternariapadwickii (5.3 to 13.35%), Fusariummoniliforme (11.66 to 21.67%), Fusariumoxysporum (1.25 to 4.35%), Curvularialunata (1.95 to 7.5%) and Aspergillusspp (1.75 to 6.54%) were encountered. Bur after seed treatment remarkable improvement viz. Bipolarisoryzae (0.15 to 3.75%), Alternariapadwickii (0.0 to 3.0%), Fusariummoniliforme (2.16 to 5.83%), Fusariumoxysporum (0.0 to 3.0%), Curvulariaunata (0.0 to 2.56%) and Aspergillusspp (0.0 to 1.5%) were encountered. Vitavax 200 was found most effective against the seed borne pathogens of rice. Nowadays, many botanical extracts such as neem, nishinda, garlic, alamonda and biological agent such as Trichoderma also using as seed treating agent and resulted significant higher germination and plant stand, less disease incidence and higher yield of different crops. So, the farmers should treat their seed before sowing in their field and through this technique they will be more benefited.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 48-56, 2016

Effect of seed treatment on seedling health of chili (BARI Morich 1) was studied at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh. BAU Bio-fungicide (3% of seed weight), chitosan (1% solution), thiovit (0.3% of seed weight), compressed moist heat (54ºC for 15 minutes), neem leaf extract (1:1 w/v), garlic clove extract (1:3 w/v), ginger extract (1:2 w/v) and allamonda leaf extract (1:1 w/v) were employed as seed treating agents. The treated seeds were placed on moistened blotter paper. Data were recorded on percent germination, production of percent healthy seedling and seedling vigour of chili. The results of seed health testing showed that, five different seed borne fungi viz. Colletotrichum capsici, Curvularia lunata, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moniliforme were found to be associated with the tested chili seed samples. Among these fungi, Curvularia lunata was the most prevalent one which was followed by Rhizopus stolonifer, Colletotrichum capsici, Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus flavus. All the seed treating agents were found to be effective compared to control in controlling seed borne fungi for the blotter method. The highest percentage of germination (93.33%) was recorded when the seeds of BARI Morich 1 were treated with BAU Bio-fungicide, whereas the lowest percentage of germination (61.33%) was recorded in case of untreated seeds. The highest percentage of healthy seedling (95.33%) was recorded when the seeds were treated with BAU Bio-fungicide and allamonda leaf extracts, whereas the lowest percentage of healthy seedling (59.00%) was recorded in case of untreated seeds. The highest vigour index (681.59) was recorded when the seeds were treated with neem leaf extracts, whereas the lowest vigour index (214.66) was recorded in case of untreated seeds.