Abstract. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of phytobiotics on the biochemical composition of the muscle tissue of broiler chickens. Research methods: atomic emission spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, gas chromatography. Scientific novelty. The influence of phytomaterials (gamma-octalactone, vanillic acid) on the biochemical composition of the muscle tissue of broiler chickens was evaluated for the first time. Results: biochemical composition of muscle tissue the composition was characterized by a lower content of amino acids: tyrosine (pectoral muscles), lysine, threonine, alanine, leucine + soleucine (femoral muscles) in group II (P < 0.05) and a high content of valine and histidine (pectoral muscles) in group I (P < 0.05), according to compared to the control. There was also an increase in the concentration of fatty acids in the pectoral muscle (P < 0.05): myristic and arachin (I and II), stearic (III), linoleic (II and III) and a decrease in palmitic (III) and palmitooleic (II and III). An increase in the concentration of myristic (III group, P < 0.05), oleic (II group, P < 0.05) fatty acids was found in the thigh muscles. In group I broiler chickens, the concentration of macronutrients (Ca, P, K, Na) and trace elements (B, Fe) in the pectoral muscle decreased (P ≤ 0.05). In group II, an increase was found (P ≤ 0.05) – Ca, Co, Mn, Zn, in group III – Fe (P ≤ 0.05). In the thigh muscle tissue of group I, the concentrations of macronutrients – K, Mg decreased (P ≤ 0.05) and increased (P ≤ 0.05) Na, Ca, B, Cu, Ni, I, Zn. In II, there was an increase in the content of B (P < 0.05), and in III, on the contrary, a decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in Ca and K. Thus, the use of vanillin acid alone or in combination with gamma-lactone contributes to the biological value of the muscle tissue of broiler chickens in terms of increasing the amount of essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids and important macro- and microelements.

Background and Aim: Ensuring the genetic potential of ruminants through nutrition studies using medicinal plants and trace element metals is an urgent task. This study aimed to study the effect of Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae) herb plant separately and in combination with cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) chelate compounds on the course of metabolic processes in the rumen, methane concentration, and biochemical blood parameters in bulls. Materials and Methods: Control group (BD: Basal diet); experimental Group I – BD + A. absinthium herb at a dose of 2.0 g/kg dry matter (DM), experimental Group II – BD + A. absinthium herb at a dose of 2.0 g/kg DM + CoCl2 (1.5 mg/kg), and experimental Group III – BD + CoCl2 were set (1.5 mg/kg). The study was conducted on 16 beef bulls (Kazakh white-headed breed) aged 13–14 months, with an average live weight of 330–335 kg. Enzymatic processes in the rumen were studied, including the level of volatile fatty acids (using the gas chromatography method), nitrogen and its fractions (using the Kjeldahl method), methane concentration, and morphological and biochemical blood composition. Results: There was a decrease in the concentration of acetic acid in experimental group I (15.9%) (p < 0.05) and in the III group (60.3%) and propionic acid in all experimental groups by 5.6%–47.3% (p < 0.05). Feeding A. absinthium herb as part of the diet of experimental Group I contributed to a decrease in methane concentration by 17.8% (p = 0.05) and the lowest methane concentration was noted for experimental Group III. It was less than in control by 59.1% (p < 0.05). An increase in the concentration of glucose, total protein, and creatinine was found in the experimental groups (p < 0.05). The digestibility of organic matter (3.5%), crude fiber (3.6%), and hemicellulose (11.0%) increased with the feeding of A. absinthium herb. Conclusion: Thus, using biocomplexes based on A. absinthium herb and CoCl2 do not harm the rumen fermentation of cattle. Still, further microbiome studies are required to evaluate the effects of A. absinthium on cattle properly.

No abstract

This paper presents research on evaluating the effectiveness of the technology of cavitation treatment of sunflower oil sludge intended for feeding ruminants. The evaluation on a general microbial content has been introduced, namely, quantitative and qualitative indicators of sunflower sludge before and after the cavitational processing have been described. During the experimental studies, the fact of a significant increase in digestibility of sunflower sludge after the cavitational processing by 21.1 % was revealed. At the same time, cavitation was not accompanied by any significant changes in the fatty acid composition of the feed, but it increased digestibility of a dry-matter in vitro due to an increase in bioavailability of the linoleic acid to 86.2 % versus 45.9 % in the native feed. The digestibility of other fatty acids either changed slightly, or decreased. The experiment shows the bactericidal and mycocidal effect caused by the cavitational processing. The effect caused by the cumulative jets of liquid when the cavitational microbubbles collapse caused the death of all microflora inherent to these types of products.

No abstract