Rumen fermentation, methane concentration, and blood metabolites of cattle receiving dietetical phytobiotic and cobalt (II) chloride

Abstract

Background and Aim: Ensuring the genetic potential of ruminants through nutrition studies using medicinal plants and trace element metals is an urgent task. This study aimed to study the effect of Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae) herb plant separately and in combination with cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) chelate compounds on the course of metabolic processes in the rumen, methane concentration, and biochemical blood parameters in bulls. Materials and Methods: Control group (BD: Basal diet); experimental Group I – BD + A. absinthium herb at a dose of 2.0 g/kg dry matter (DM), experimental Group II – BD + A. absinthium herb at a dose of 2.0 g/kg DM + CoCl2 (1.5 mg/kg), and experimental Group III – BD + CoCl2 were set (1.5 mg/kg). The study was conducted on 16 beef bulls (Kazakh white-headed breed) aged 13–14 months, with an average live weight of 330–335 kg. Enzymatic processes in the rumen were studied, including the level of volatile fatty acids (using the gas chromatography method), nitrogen and its fractions (using the Kjeldahl method), methane concentration, and morphological and biochemical blood composition. Results: There was a decrease in the concentration of acetic acid in experimental group I (15.9%) (p < 0.05) and in the III group (60.3%) and propionic acid in all experimental groups by 5.6%–47.3% (p < 0.05). Feeding A. absinthium herb as part of the diet of experimental Group I contributed to a decrease in methane concentration by 17.8% (p = 0.05) and the lowest methane concentration was noted for experimental Group III. It was less than in control by 59.1% (p < 0.05). An increase in the concentration of glucose, total protein, and creatinine was found in the experimental groups (p < 0.05). The digestibility of organic matter (3.5%), crude fiber (3.6%), and hemicellulose (11.0%) increased with the feeding of A. absinthium herb. Conclusion: Thus, using biocomplexes based on A. absinthium herb and CoCl2 do not harm the rumen fermentation of cattle. Still, further microbiome studies are required to evaluate the effects of A. absinthium on cattle properly.

Effectiveness of herbal plants on rumen fermentation, methane gas emissions, in vitro nutrient digestibility, and population of protozoa

“…Many feeding management approaches have been used to reduce CH 4 production such including quality forage, increasing the amount of concentrate, supplementation of fats and oils, and addition of plant secondary metabolites (active substances) [8]. Using herbal plants in the diet can reduce CH 4 gas production [8][9][10]. Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera, Ocimum gratissimum, garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and onion leaflets (Allium cepa) can affect ruminal fermentation and reduce CH 4 production in sheep [11].…”

Changes in the Concentration of Amino Acids and Bacterial Community in the Rumen When Feeding Artemisia absinthium and Cobalt Chloride

“…Another study indicates a link between disorders of the digestive system of the body with a high content of clostridium associated with the production of toxins in both monogastric and polygastric animals [38]. In a previously published study [39] studying the enzymatic characteristics of the rumen when using A. absinthium both separately and in combination with cobalt, a decrease in the concentration of the ammonia and urea forms of nitrogen and an increase in the protein form was found, which may also indirectly confirm the use of A. absinthium and cobalt as stimulating additives to cattle, improving the use of nitrogen in the rumen and reducing its emission. During the experiments, a decrease in the concentration of amino acids in the experimental groups was found.…”

Effect of Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae) and Cobalt Supplementation on Rumen Bacterial Community in Cattle

“…The indicators of the enzymatic activity of the rumen obtained in an earlier study (Ryazanov et al, 2022), such as volatile fatty acids (acetic, propionic, butanoic, valerian, caproic acids), forms of nitrogen (total amount of nitrogen, non-white nitrogen, ammonia form, urea), the concentration of methane and carbon monoxide, were used to assess The effect of feed additives on the composition of the microbiome, the linear dependence of the determination index R 2 was calculated, where the values in the microbiome of the most Effect of Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae) and Cobalt Supplementation on Rumen Bacterial Community in Cattle variable genera and the indicators of the enzymatic activity of the scar were analyzed. In our study, after making a linear regression between the abundance of births in the microbiome, a high correlation was established between the genus Akkermansia and the unclassified Bacteroidales, as well as between the genus unclassified Ruminococcaceae and the genuine Akkermansia, these data are consistent with previous studies of Zhang et al (2019), in this same paper the authors point to the anti-inflammatory properties of the gene Bacteroides.…”