It was found that analysis of the interference pictures of scattering of laser rach'~on is a very informative method for evaluating the fine structure of organization of oriented systems, chemical fibres in particular. This method can be used in studying macro-and microstructural changes in the morphology of fibres in different stages of their fabrication.In measurements of the optical parameters of polymer materials, fibres in particular, it is necessary to select between the degree of precision of the measurements and the duration of sample preparation and availability of the appropriate equipment. Much is a function of the goal of the experiment. In studying the properties of many fibres, it is necessary to know the refractive indexes n, birefringence An, and their distribution by fibre radius and diameter. In many cases, it is sufficient to know n and An with precision of up to three decimal places. Since the distribution of the refractive indexes and birefringence can be correlated with the mechanical properties of a sample [1] and precise knowledge of the diameter allows determining the specific physicochemieal values -tensile stress and modulus of elasticity of the fibre and its density -it is obvious that knowing this distr~ution will provide an idea of the active internal stresses in the sample and the degree of anisotropy of its structure.The optical and geometric characteristics of fibres can be determined with different methods: microscopic, polarization, by analysis of the interference picture of scattered laser radiation [2, 3]. The last method is most informative, since it makes it possible to simultaneously determine the diameter and distribution of the optical characteristics at the same point of the fibre without using immersion media. This is very important, since many of the new oriented fibre materials have very high refractive indexes which are frequently higher than the refractive indexes of all existing immersion liquids [4]. In addition, the time required for preparing the samples and conducting an experiment is 20-30 rain, while it is several hours with the polarization microscope.We attempted to estimate the optical and geometric parameters of several polymer fibres using the interference pictures of scattering of laser radiation. The following fibres were selected: -polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, and polypropylene having a comparatively low level of anisotropy and mechanical properties; -totally aromatic and polyheteroeyclic polyamides of the poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) and polyamide-benzimidazole (PABI) type, which differ due to the high degree of anisotropy of the mechanical properties and optical indexes [5].H n Moscow State Textile Academy. All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Polymer Fibres, Mytishchi.
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