Abstract--A correlation was made of crystallochemical data from 15 smectites with the half time of dissolution (to.~) in 6 N hydrochloric acid at 96~ From this the relation In to~ -3.95 -1.96 Fe w -2.30 Mg v~ was developed. It shows a remarkable dependence of the apparent dissolution rate of the octahedral layer of the smectites on the substitution of Fe 3+ and Mg 2+ for AI +3 in the octahedral position.
A B S T R A C T Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is used to find how the applied mechanical stress imposed upon a sample is distributed among the interatomic bonds. The distribution is highly heterogeneous: 80--95% of the bond population experience stresses close to the applied stress, the stress on the rest of the bond population varies over a wide range and reaches 1000--2000 kg/mm 2. The overstressed interatomic bonds lie in the amorphous regions of the polymer and are oriented in the direction of the mechanical force. The maximum stress on interatomic bonds is determined by the magnitude of the breaking stress on them. The breaking stress is shown to be a function of the applied stress, time, and temperature. This dependence is due to scission of stressed bonds induced by thermal fluctuations.Int. Journ. of Fracture, 11 (1975) 789-801
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