Oxymatrine is one of the most important biologically active compounds and is present in Sophora alopecuroides L. The present investigation focuses on the development of an efficient tissue culture method to induce callus and cell suspension culture of S. alopecuroides by studying the effect of jasmonic acid and nitric oxide on cell suspension culture. Callus induction efficiency is high in axenic leaf explants grown in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L Kinetin (Kin), 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The cell suspension culture was developed using the same callus induction medium without agar. The maximum cell number and dry weight of suspension culture were obtained by the 9th day of incubation. The synthesis of oxymatrine is higher in jasmonic acid and nitric oxide (200 µMJA and 50 µMNO) combination (11.91 µg/g) when compared to the non-elicited control (8.3 µg/g) of callus.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of hormones and selection of the most effective medium using callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of Sophora alopecuroides Linn. for plant regeneration. After 8 weeks of culture, the highest callus induction medium (93.3%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mglL Zeatin and 2.0 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The best callus proliferation was observed on the same medium. Shoots regenerated at the highest frequency of 50.0% with 5.8 shoots when calli were cultured on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L BA. Therefore, this protocol provides a basis for future studies on genetic improvement and could be applied to large-scale multiplication systems for commercial nurseries of S.alopecuroides L.

The success of shoot and rooting from the nodal shoot segments of Sophora alopecuroides L. were induced in vitro condition. However, transferring and acclimatizing the plantlets to under soil or ex vitro condition were difficult. This study investigated plant survival with anatomical changes in plantlets while transferring from in vitro to ex vitro conditions to investigate vascular cylinder variations. The ex vitro rooting of the in vitro regenerated shoots, after having been treated with 500 mg/L IBA, showed a success rate of 80 per cent. These plantlets were rooted and acclimatized simultaneously in ex vitro condition.