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IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of lipid profile requests and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients at the biochemistry laboratory of St. Louis University Hospital, as well as their correlation with sex and age.MethodsThis was a retrospective study reviewing 14,116 laboratory results of patients of both sexes, over a period of six months (January-June 2013) regardless of the indication for the request. The lipid parameters included were: Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides with normal values defined as follows: Total cholesterol (<2g/l), HDL- cholesterol (>0,40g/l), LDL- cholesterol (<1,30g/l) and Triglycerides (<1,50g/l).ResultsThe average age of our study population was 55.15 years with a female predorminance (M/F = 0.60). The age group most represented was that between 55-64 years. The frequency of lipid profile request in our sample was 9.41% (or 1,329). The overall prevalence of isolated hypercholesterolemia, hyperLDLaemia, hypoHDLaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, and mixed hyperlipidemia were respectively 60.91%, 66.27%, 26.58%, 4.57% and 2.75%. Hypercholesterolemia, hyperLDLaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and mixed hyperlipidaemia were higher in women with respectively 66.22%, 67.98%, 4.58%, 2.89% than in men (52.01%, 62.81%, 4.44% and 2.40% respectively). On the other hand, the prevalence of hypoHDLaemia was higher in males (32.19%) compared to females (23.76%). Hypercholesterolemia correlated significantly with age and sex.ConclusionOur study showed a relatively low request rate for lipid profile and a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia hence the importance of conducting a major study on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and associated factors in the Senegalese population.

The objectives of this study were: to compare the prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity in rural (Ferlo) and urban (Dakar) Senegalese populations aged 50 and over. The survey was conducted on individuals aged 50 and older living in the rural area (N=478) and in the urban area (N=220). We have collected data about age, gender, marital status, education level, and knowledge, treatment of hypertension, height, weight and blood pressure. We have observed that overweight and obesity were more prevalent in the urban area (Dakar) than in the rural one (Ferlo). The risk of overweight or obesity decreased when age increased, and women had weight problems more often than men. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was lower in rural area (55.86%) than in Dakar (66.36%), but increased at an older age. However, the logistic regression showed that these increased proportion of hypertension in Dakar is linked to the more important proportion of overweight and obese people in this area. Moreover, rates of knowledge, treatment and control of hypertension are particularly low in the rural area of Senegal. In conclusion, age-associated diseases should be better managed in Senegal, particularly in rural areas.

RESUME Objectifs : Cette étude vise une première description floristique des parcs agroforestiers du village de Mar Fafaco dans la grande île de Mar. Méthodes et résultats : Cette caractérisation s'est faite à travers 135 relevés floristiques de 2500 m 2 chacun répartis aux 9 zones de cultures ou grands champs que compte le terroir. L'inventaire floristique a révélé une richesse de 54 espèces réparties en 24 familles et 43 genres. Les familles dominantes sont les Caesalpiniaceae, Mimosaceae et Anacardiaceae. L'analyse factorielle des correspondances redressées a montrée cinq groupements végétaux représentant chacun un parc agroforestier issu des neuf zones de culture du village de Mar Fafaco. Deux types de parcs bien connus y sont rencontrés : les parcs à Borassus akeassii et à Faidherbia albida. Les trois autres sont par contre particuliers de par leur nature mixte et leurs espèces caractéristiques. Il s'agit du parc à Neocarya macrophylla-Detarium senegalense-Combretum glutinosum, du parc à Borassus akeassii-Faidherbia albida et du parc à Detarium senegalense-Neocarya macrophylla. Conclusion et applicabilité des résultats : Dans les neuf zones de culture, l'étude révèle une diversité d'espèces à usages multiples pouvant contribuer au bien-être des populations locales. Parmi ces espèces figurent celles d'intérêts économique et social pouvant participer à la construction de nouveaux parcs agroforestiers. Elles doivent être conservées et reproduites dans les 5 parcs identifiés dans cette étude pour pérenniser les services écosystémiques fournis par les parcs dans la grande île.