Flavopiridol administered as a single agent for 72 hours every 14 days is inactive in the treatment of gastric cancer. The drug also induced an unexpected higher incidence of vascular thrombosis and fatigue than was anticipated from the phase I trials. Future development of flavopiridol will depend on other doses and schedules in combination with chemotherapy.

Fexofenadine hydrochloride was well tolerated at oral doses up to 11 times the recommended therapeutic dose. In addition, fexofenadine hydrochloride showed significant antihistaminic activity and dose-proportional pharmacokinetics over a wide dosing range.

The recommended phase II doses will be a 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel at 175 mg/m(2) on day 1 followed by a 24-hour infusion of flavopiridol at 70 mg/m(2) on day 2. Flavopiridol dose escalations to 80 mg/m(2) are possible. At these doses, toxicities are manageable and clinical activity is promising.

No abstract

Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP; CAS no. 68515-48-0) is a general-purpose plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride. It produced liver and kidney effects when given to rodents at high oral doses, but there were no target organ effects in primates treated under similar conditions. To assist in understanding the basis for these species differences, the pharmacokinetic properties of DINP were evaluated in rodents following both oral and dermal administration. These studies demonstrated that the pharmacokinetic properties of DINP are similar to those of other high-molecular-weight phthalates. When orally administered to rodents, DINP is rapidly metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract to the corresponding monoester, absorbed and excreted, primarily in the urine. Shortly after administration, DINP is found primarily in liver and kidneys, but it does not persist or accumulate in any organ or tissue. It is very poorly absorbed from the skin, but once absorbed it behaves in the same way as the orally administered material. The results of these rodent studies contrast with data from studies involving humans or other primates, which indicate low absorption at low oral doses and much more limited total absorption at high doses. It appears that many, if not all, of the effects of DINP in rodent studies are associated with internal doses that would be difficult, if not impossible, to achieve in humans under any circumstances. Thus, the results of rodent studies may not be very useful in assessing the potential risks to humans from high-molecular-weight phthalates.

We have demonstrated a postural effect on cardiac repolarization independent of heart rate using two individualized correction methods, as well as QTc-F and QTc-LR, and the bin method. Characterization of postural differences in QT/QTc (other than QTc-B) may provide a safe and inexpensive physiological control to validate the ECG methodology used in clinical trials to assess potential drug-induced QT interval changes.

This report describes a new specific colorimetric procedure for uric acid assay with AutoAnalyzer II and SMA (Technicon) systems, made specific by the application of uricase. Hydrogen preroxide, formed in this reaction, effects the oxidative coupling of 4-aminophenazone and 2,4-dichlorophenol under the catalytic influence of peroxidase. The red dye formed is measured at 505 or 520 nm. A sample blank measurement is not necessary, and the reagents show very good stability. The test shows linearity up to 714 mumol of uric acid per liter. Results of thie method correlate very well with those by the uricase-ultraviolet and uricase--catalase methods. There is no interference by hemoglobin, bilirubin, lipemia, and various drugs, except a minor interference by alpha-methyldopa. Interference from ascorbate is eliminated by ascorbate oxidase. This method can be regarded as a considerably improved routine test for uric acid on continuous-flow systems in clinical laboratories as compared with the commonly used phosphotungstate method.

No abstract