A novel method for production of diesel-like hydrocarbons via catalytic deoxygenation of fatty acid is discussed.
The model compound stearic acid is deoxygenated to heptadecane, originating from the stearic acid alkyl
chain. The deoxygenation reaction is carried out in a semibatch reactor under constant temperature and pressure,
300 °C and 6 bar, respectively. A thorough catalyst screening was performed to obtain the most promising
metal and support combination. The catalysts were characterized by N2-physisorption, CO-chemisorption,
and temperature-programmed desorption of hydrogen. A highly active and selective in the deoxygenation
reaction of stearic acid carbon supported palladium catalyst converted stearic acid completely with >98%
selectivity toward deoxygenated C17 products.
Catalytic deoxygenation including decarboxylation/decarbonylation of fatty acids and their esters has been
investigated over Pd supported on active carbons in a semibatch reactor. The main studied parameters were
catalyst acidity, type of feed, effect of solvent, and gas atmosphere. High yields of the desired product,
n-heptadecane, were achieved in the decarboxylation of stearic acid at 300 °C under helium. The results
demonstrate that the catalytic transformation of fatty acids proceeded mainly via decarboxylation, whereas
decarbonylation was the main route for esters, according to gas-phase analysis. The gas atmosphere and the
acidity of the catalyst were important factors for determining product selectivity. Over alkaline catalysts as
well as under a hydrogen atmosphere, higher yields of n-heptadecane were obtained. The decarboxylation of
unsaturated fatty acids leads to hydrogenated products, which reacted further to hydrocarbons.
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