Uvod: Kortikosteroidi(KS) su prirodni ili sintetički hormoni koji utiču na skoro svaki aspekt ljudske fiziologije. Smanjenjem simptoma zapaljenja i imunosupresijom, u kliničkom smislu, KS deluju simptomatski, olakšavajći tegobe osnovne bolesti ili trenutnog stanja kod pacijenata. Prema načinu uporebe, kortikosteroide u stomatologiji delimo na topikalno,lokalno i sistemski primenjene. Topikalna upotreba vazokonstrikcijom sprečava degranulaciju mastocita, smanjuje propustljivost kapilara delujući na smanjenje količine histamina koji se oslobađa iz bazofila i mastocita. Glavni cilj ove terapije kortikosteroidima je ukloniti ili barem smanjiti bol kod pacijenata, što ima uticaj na celokupno zdravlje, ishranu, govor. Neinfektivne upale mekog tkiva koje zahtevaju primenu KS su: rekurentni aftozni stomatitis, oralna submukozna fibroza, keloidi i hipertrofični ožiljci, mukokele. Kod bolnih sindroma sa manifestacijama u predelu glave i vrata: Bechet sindrom,bulozni pemfigoid, oralni lichen planus itd. U oralnoj hirurgiji već se dugo u postoperativnoj terapiji donjeg impaktiranog umnjaka i drugih težih intervencija, pored analgetika (NSAIL i narkotički analgetici) koriste KS u cilju smanjenja tizmusa, otoka i bola. Postoje brojne studije koje sugerišu na vreme i put administracije KS u hirurgiji donjeg impaktiranog umnjaka, kao i različite kombinacije KS sa drugim medikamentima u cilju smanjenja morbiditeta posle ovakvih intervencija. Lokalna primena KS indikovana je u lečenju gigantocelularnih lezija i može zameniti hiruške procedure. Zaključak: Kortikosteroidi našli su široku primenu u stomatologiji u svojim indikacionim područjima.
Introduction:The elimination of odontalgia and all other forms of oral pain that occurs on dental tissues during dental interventions is still one of the main goals in the dental profession. Aim: The aim of this paper wasto perform an analysis of the literature data on the use of supplementary intrapulpal anesthesia in clinical dental practice. Material and methods: Literature data on the use of intrapulpal anesthesia, the characteristics of this technique of supplementary anesthesia as well as the results of its application were collected. Various databases were used for this purpose, digital data from Google Scholar, Medline, Science-Direct, as well as traditional libraries with manuscripts in printed form were most often taken. Conclusion: The use of supplementary intrapulpal anesthesia in dental/endodontic practice represents a practical and successful type of local anesthesia, when standard mandibular anesthesia for the lower alveolar nerve does not provide a deep enough periinterventional analgesia for dental procedures.
Background: Imperfect smile and face profile is one of the main reasons why patients turn to orthodontists. Aim was to investigate if there is a difference in perception of smile and profile esthetics between the examined groups. Subjects and method: In conducted research, smiles of 21 persons (8 male and 13 female), 18 to 30 years old were evaluated by 15 orthodontists, 15 students of dentistry and 15 laypeople. They were to rate esthetics of every smile from 1 to 9 and choose just one main reason that impairs aesthetics. Orthodontists and laypeople should also evaluate male and female normal, bimaxillary prognathic and bimaxillary retrognathic profiles from 1 to 3. The most beautiful profile should be marked with number 3. Results: Although there was no statistically significant difference in the evaluation of smile esthetics among groups, laypeople gave the lowest evaluation. Apart from irregular position of certain teeth, all investigated groups emphasized different factors that impair smile esthetics. Orthodontists and laypeople marked bimaxillary prognathic male and female profile as less beautiful than the others. Conclusion: Because of the differences in perception of the smile aesthetics between orthodontists and laypeople, it is necessary to create a new diagnostic plan of treatment protocols that includes studies investigating laypeople perception of smile and facial esthetics.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.