Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common complication after most abdominal surgeries including cesarean section. It is associated with longer hospitalization and increased medical costs. This study is a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of acupressure, and low-cost noninvasive traditional treatment, on POI symptoms after cesarean section. A total of 120 patients were randomly divided into two groups; the treatment group received two sessions of acupressure (an hour after attending the women's division; and 3 hours after the first session), each lasting 20 minutes. The time of flatus and defecation, time to presence of bowel sounds, and duration of postoperative bed rest were monitored. Patients in the treatment group had a shorter time to presence of bowel sounds compared with those in the control group (p < 0.001), as well as shorter time to first passage of flatus (p < 0.001) and shorter postoperative bed rest (p Z 0.005). However, the time to first defecation was not statistically significant (p Z 0.311). Acupressure has potential positive impacts on attenuating POI symptoms after cesarean section, and can be used as a low-cost noninvasive nursing care to reduce POI incidence and intensity after cesarean section.
Background: Anxiety in patients admitted at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is common and usually moderate or severe. Anxiety affects endocrine and physiological responses. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of aromatherapy by rose essence on anxiety and physiological indices of conscious patients admitted at ICU. Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 conscious patients admitted at ICU wards in Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital of Rafsanjan were selected and randomly allocated into two groups of intervention and control. In the intervention group, three drops of 10% rose essence were poured on the gauze and placed 20 cm from the patients’ nose on their shirt, and the patients inhaled it for 20 minutes three times a day. In the control group, three drops of distilled water were used likewise. Data collection tools included Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.18. Results: According to the results, in the intervention group, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly increased (paired t-test, P < 0.05) in the second time after the intervention and significantly decreased (paired t-test, P < 0.05) in the third time. The mean oxygen saturation of arterial blood also significantly increased in the second time in this group after the intervention (paired t-test, P = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in anxiety score before and after the intervention in each group. Conclusions: Although aromatherapy using rose essence was statistically significant on some of the physiological indices of conscious patients in ICU, these differences were not clinically significant.
Introduction: Identifying mental disorders is very important, because these disorders can decrease the success rate of educational progress in students and prevent their further achievements. This study aimed to identify the mental health status of nursing, midwifery and paramedical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences during year 2014. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 400 students who met the inclusion criteria were selected by randomized stratified sampling. A demographic questionnaire and Symptom Checklist 1990 Revised (SCL-90-R) was used for data collection. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 18 using regression and independent t test. Results: According to the results, 36% of the students had good mental health and 64% were suspected to have mental disorders (50.9% mild, 10.9% moderate and 2.2% severe). The most common disorder between students was interpersonal sensitivity and the least common disorder was phobia. There was a statistical difference between gender and mental disorders (t test, P>0.05) and mean scores of girls were higher than boys in all dimensions except interpersonal sensitivity. Conclusions: According to the results, mental disorders, especially interpersonal sensitivity, have high prevalence among students. Thus management of such disorders and activities such as entertainment, cultural and spiritual programs that maybe influential for mental well-being are recommended.
Working memory, one of the cognitive components, may be impaired in patients with multiple sclerosis. Accordingly, this study aims to determine the effects of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on the working memory of women with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this clinical trial, 60 women with multiple sclerosis were selected using the sampling method from patients referred to the MS Clinic of Rafsanjan. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were randomly divided into intervention and placebo groups. In addition, the working memory test developed by Daneman and Carpenter was used to evaluate the participants’ working memory before the intervention and the day after the last intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 18.0. According to intragroup comparison results and based on the paired t-test, the mean score of the working memory before the intervention in the intervention group was 82.77±6.87, which increased to 87.64±5.57 after the intervention (P<0.001). The average working memory score of the placebo group was 80.30±11.09 and 82.09±11.31 before and after the intervention, respectively, which did not have a statistically significant difference (P=0.154). Based on findings from the independent t-test, the mean scores of working memory had a statistically significant difference between the intervention and placebo groups after the intervention (P=0.02). According to the results from this study, aromatherapy with lavender essential oil improved working memory in women with multiple sclerosis.
Background and Objective: One of the main treatments for chronic rhinosinusitis is endoscopic surgery. In this procedure, intraoperative bleeding due to limited view of the surgeon can bring about surgical complications. To have a clear operation field for endoscopic sinus surgery, bleeding management is necessary. We aimed to compare the effects of magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine on operation field of candidates for endoscopic sinus surgery. Materials and Methods: In this triple-blind clinical trial, 60 candidates for endoscopic sinus surgery were randomly divided into two groups of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulfate. Before anesthesia, magnesium sulfate was administered for 10 min at a dose of 50 mg/kg and at a dose 15 mg/kg/h afterwards. In the other group, dexmedetomidine was given for 10 min before anesthesia at a dose of 1 mic/kg and at a dose of 0.6 mic/kg/h thereupon. The hemodynamic status of both groups was recorded 1, 5, 15, 30, and 60 min post-tracheal intubation. The results were analyzed using SPSS, version 16. Results: In general, 20 (66.7%) patients in the Dexmedetomidine group and 18 (60.0%) patients in the Magnesium sulfate group were male (P=0.592). The mean ages of the Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulfate groups were 37.93 and 39.56 years, respectively (P=0.250). The mean surgical durations in the Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulfate groups were 79.03±41.8 min and 87.30± 15.09 min, respectively (P=0.003). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the Dexmedetomidine group was less than in the Magnesium Sulfate group at all the assessed times, except for the first time. The difference between the two groups was not significant only at first time. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of mean saturation oxygen peripheral (SpO2) at all the recorded times. The mean intraoperative heart rate and mean pain intensity were lower in the Dexmedetomidine group than the Magnesium sulfate group. In the Magnesium sulfate group, odds ratio of bleeding in grade 3 to grade 2 was six times higher than the Dexmedetomidine group (OR= 6.00; 95% CI: 1.89, 19.1). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is more beneficial for controlling hemodynamic status of sinus endoscopic surgery patients as it can provide a better operation field.
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