Abstract--The heterogeneity of the interlayer cation density and the corresponding mean layer charge density due to isomorphous substitution have been determined for six montmorillonite samples. This has been achieved by considering the transition of a monolayer to a double layer complex with alkylammonium ions. The transition is related to the interlayer cation density, together with the variation of the apparent spacings, which in turn is related to the composition of this two-component mixture.All the samples showed a heterogeneous interlayer cation distribution and a differing mean charge density.

Clinical, histologic, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic data of 31 patients with extranodal, nodal, and splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) are presented. Despite these variable clinical manifestations, a similar spectrum of morphologic features as well as distinctive immunophenotypic findings were noted. In all cases, a monotypic B-cell proliferation consistently negative for CD5, CD10, and CD23 was found expanding the marginal zone of the B follicle with and without colonization of the follicle centers. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 23 of the 31 patients. Recurrent aberrations included whole or partial trisomy 3 (18 cases), trisomy 18 (9 cases), and structural rearrangements of chromosome 1 with breakpoints in 1q21 (9 cases) or 1p34 (6 cases), all of which were seen in extranodal, nodal, as well as splenic MZBCL. Abnormalities of the additional chromosome 3, such as +del(3)(p13),+i(3)(q10), or structural changes involving the distal part of the long arm, were evident in 9 of the 18 cases. All recurrent abnormalities were found in MZBCL more frequently than in other histologic entities of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). None of the known lymphoma-associated chromosomal changes or rearrangements of the BCL1, BCL2, BCL3, BCL6, and CMYC genes were detected. We conclude that MZBCL represent a distinct entity of B- NHL with characteristic morphologic and immunophenotypic features and particular chromosomal abnormalities, and that a close histogenetic relationship between extranodal, nodal, and splenic MZBCL is likely, although the clinical presentation may vary.

Different montmorillonites (Otay, Chambers, Marnia, Camp Berteau, Moosburg, Greek White, Wyoming bentonite were deferrated with a dithionite/citrate solution; iron sulphide by-products were eliminated with an HCI washing and citrates with an H202 oxidation. The smaller CEC after deferration could not be assigned to either (i) the occurrence of a positive correlation between CEC and particle sizes smaller than 0.2 #m or (ii) to the mean charge density of these sub-fractions. All sub-fractions had a heterogeneous interlayer cation density distribution.

Abstract--The adsorption of butanol, hexanol, and octanol on alkylammonium montmoriUonites of different chain length is similar to the distribution of alcohol between an organic solvent and water in bulk solution. Successive expansion of the clay layers starts at critical alcohol/cation ratios of 0.6 or lower which are biased mean values due to the heterogeneity of the cation density of the mineral. In the interlamellar phase autoassociation of the alcohols occurs in contrast to their behavior in aqueous solution. The intrinsic association constants (kM ~7) are of the same magnitude of the values found in cyclohexane. The alcohols can associate with molecules fixed on specific sites of the mineral and on free monomers. The ratio of fixed to free monomers is of the order of 10/1.

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