The article investigates the material composition of refined ferrochromium slag. It has been confirmed that the main compound in the slag is dicalcium silicate. The disposal problem of self-disintegration slag in the current production of refined ferrochromium can be solved by controlling its basic capacity with obtaining stabilized lump slag that is not influenced to silicate decomposition. This became the basis to researches the production of non-disintegrating burnt construction products from slags using low-melting silicacontaining additives that reduce the slag basicity. Briquettes roasting containing from 20 to 30% additives in the temperature range of 1200-1225 °C showed the possibility of obtaining ceramic construction products. Material analysis of the slag also showed that the slag components, such as calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, are compounds prone to the formation of carbonates, which leads to the setting between the slag particles. Which makes it possible to obtain construction products in the process of autoclaving processing of bricks from the slag in the carbon dioxide environment. The influence of fineness, slag moisture, and the dwell time of products in an autoclave in the carbon dioxide environment on the strength of the resulting pellets were evaluated in this paper. It was determined that moderate humidity, in addition to increasing ductility during pellet molding, also increases the strength of products after carbonization. Excessive grinding of slag negatively affected on the quality of the pellets. The increase in compression force during the pellets formation, on the contrary, increased the strength of the products. An increase in the duration of carbonization at constant pressure had a positive effect on the strength increase of pellets.
The article presents the results of laboratory trials for the smelting of high-carbon ferromanganese on highly-basic slags. Laboratory trials have confirmed that an increase in the basicity of ferromanganese production slags has a positive effect on the reduction of manganese to the metal and a decrease in the concentration of silicon in it. However, the high basicity makes the slag high-melting and tough, leading to large losses of manganese with the slag. The use of on borate fluxes solves this problem by affecting the physical and chemical properties of the final slags, which allows the process to be carried out at high basicities with the achievement of optimal technological indicators. The obtained positive results of laboratory experiments served as the basis for approbation the developed technology on a semi-industrial scale with the smelting of high-carbon ferromanganese by the flux method from the manganese ore of the «Bogach» Deposit. As a result of studying the smelting of carbonaceous ferromanganese in large-scale laboratory conditions, the possibility of converting manganese ores on highly-basic slags with appropriate regulation of the transport properties of slag to a standard metal with high technical and economic indicators was established. The best results are achieved when the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the slag is 1.8 and the boron oxide content in the slag is 0.8%. It is established that under these conditions, the obtained boron-containing highly-basic slags of carbonaceous ferromanganese are not subject to slaking.
In the electrometallurgy of manganese alloys, viscosity has an important effect on the production indicators from the physicochemical properties of slag. During the smelting of manganese alloys, the main amount of heat spent on reduction reactions is released due to the current passing through the liquid slag phase, since the resistance of the latter, depending on the composition, affects the completeness of the reduction of manganese from melts. In the case of refined ferromanganese by the silicothermic method, the vast majority of silicon of silicomanganese is refined with higher manganese oxides or it is burned out due to oxygen in the air. The paper presents the results of thermophysical properties of slags representing the FeO - MnO - CaO - Al2O3 - SiO2 system. Laboratory experiments were carried out on synthetic slags by varying the slag basicity CaO / SiО2 = 1.5 - 1.9 and the concentration of Al2O3 = 5 - 15%. As a result, graphs of the dependence of these properties on temperature values are constructed, the activation energies of the viscous flow are calculated and the phase compositions of the experimental slags are determined using a mathematical model of the diagram of the FeO - MnO - CaO - Al2O3 - SiO2 system. Thus, an increase in the concentration of aluminum oxide against its usual level, changing the basicity of the slag, significantly affected the physicochemical properties of the slag and thereby contributes to the adjustment of the parameters of the electric melting process. At the same time, it is advisable to study the interaction of some Physical chemical properties of slags on the melting conditions of manganese ferroalloys in relation to the composition of slags.
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