Effectiveness of edible coatings such as Jojoba oil (JO) at 5%, Arabic gum (AG) at 10% and Paraffin oil (PA) at 7.5% as solely or in combination on physical and chemical characteristics of Zaghloul date palm fruits stored at 0±1°C and R.H. 85-90 % for 6 weeks were investigated during two successive seasons (2018 and 2019). The achieved data registered that all tested treatments prolonged the cold storage period of Zaghloul date palm fruits as compared to the control (Tap water). Fruits treated with JO at 5% combined with AG at 10% significantly recorded the highest responses, where it significantly mitigated the rise in decay incidence and reduced weight loss, and maintained high firmness, total phenol content, total flavonoids, total tannins, total sugars and antioxidant activity. Also, the result of ion leakage detected that this treatment protected the cell membrane integrity. According to these results, Jojoba oil (JO) at 5% combined with Arabic gum (AG) at 10% application could be suggested to maintain the storability during cold storage of Zaghloul date palm fruits.
This study was carried out during the seasons of 2019 and 2020 on Ruby Seedless grapevine cultivar (Vitis venifera L.) to study the effect of cluster tipping on yield, clusters and berries quality. Tipping was conducted by removing the terminal part of the cluster; when the berry diameter reached to 3-4 mm, at 16, 18 or 20 cm. In this respect, the data showed clearly that cluster tipping should be done to modify the clusters characteristics into suitable shape and compactness. The obtained results indicated that cluster tipping at 16 or 18 cm were more effective for improving cluster composition, berry diameter and berry quality. Inspite of these treatments didn't show any significant effect on yield/vine and per feddan, but they were more effective in increasing berry diameter and improving berry quality, since they increased SSC/acid ratio, total sugar, anthocyanin and total phenols contents compared to the untreated ones. Therefore, these treatments can be recommended to improve the clusters and berries quality of Ruby seedless grape under Egyptian Delta region conditions.
A field trial study was conducted for two consecutive seasons 2020 and 2021 in approximately 8-month-old jojoba plants to evaluate the physiological responses following salt treatment and the role of proline as a foliar application to enhance jojoba tolerance to salinity stress. Jojoba plants were irrigated once a week for four months with diluted seawater in concentrations of 5000, 10,000, and 15,000 ppm and tap water (control). Anti-stress proline was applied four times throughout the experiment, the first at the beginning of the experiment and another three times at 30-day intervals, at concentrations of 0, 300, and 450 ppm. The effect of proline treatments on jojoba plant behavior includes growth vegetative characteristics, namely plant height increase percentage (PHIP), shoot number increase percentage (NSIP), stem diameter increase percentage (SDIP), number of leaves, leaf thickness, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights of leaves, and chemical characteristics, namely chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, leaf mineral contents (N, P, K, Na, and Cl), total phenolic content (TPC), and proline concentration. Moreover, the impacts of proline on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ion leakage (IL) under salinity stress were investigated. Briefly, proline at 450 ppm enhanced all studied growth and physiological characteristics and promoted the antioxidant system of jojoba plants compared with the control and other treatments. The anatomical structure of leaves was also examined, and favorable variations in the anatomical structure were detected in the stressed and proline-treated plants. Exogenous application of proline enhanced most of this anatomical characteristic of jojoba leaf under saline stress. In conclusion, proline as a foliar application at 450 ppm under salinity stress of 10,000 ppm enhances jojoba tolerance to salinity stress by modifying the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of jojoba plants.
Peach is a climacteric fruit characterized by a rapid maturation, high respiration level, weight loss, breakdown of texture, and interior browning. Fast tempering of the fruit and subsequent mold expansion caused a negative impact on the marketing. This study was carried out to estimate the synergistic influence of coating with Aloe vera gel (AVG) at 15% or 30% mixed with chitosan (CH) at 1.5% as a kind of natural polymers or calcium chloride (CaCl2) at 3% on physical and chemical features. We investigated the changes in antioxidant enzymes activities of peach fruits Prunus persica (L.) Metghamer Sultany. Fruits were kept at 3 ± 1 °C and relative humidity (RH) 85–90% for 36 days during two consecutive seasons (2020 and 2021). Results revealed that applying AVG at 30% blended with CH at 1.5% significantly impacted the storage period of peach fruits, reduced the ion leakage (IL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lessened weight loss. The differences were significant compared to the other treatments and untreated fruits (control) that exhibited the higher values for IL, MDA, and weight loss in the 36th day. Moreover, fruit quality features such as firmness, total acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), and skin color chroma (c*), hue angle (h) were also maintained. Furthermore, this combination was raised of phenolic content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH), antioxidant enzyme activity such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and quench the generation of H2O2 and O2•−. It could be concluded that dipping peach fruits in AVG at 30% blended with CH at 1.5% retained the biological features of peach fruit at considerable levels during cold storing. Thus, this effective mixture can be utilized to prolong the storage and marketing period of peach fruits. Nevertheless, a more in-depth analysis is required for this edible coating to be successfully commercialized in the peach fruit post-harvest industry.
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