a b s t r a c tIn this paper, the multilinear normal distribution is introduced as an extension of the matrix-variate normal distribution. Basic properties such as marginal and conditional distributions, moments, and the characteristic function, are also presented. A trilinear example is used to explain the general contents at a simpler level. The estimation of parameters using a flip-flop algorithm is also briefly discussed.
Aim: To observe the combined effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and preconditioned adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on the injured articular cartilage of the rat. Materials & methods: Animals in the study received an intra-articular injection of PRP and preconditioned ADMSCs, both in combination and separately. The response to therapeutic intervention was evaluated by inflammatory markers, proteoglycans content, chondrogenesis and gene expression analyses. Results: The combined therapy resulted in a reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α, increased proteoglycan content of the articular cartilage, upregulation of Acan, Col2a1 and PCNA genes. Downregulation of Col1a1, Col10a1 and Casp3 genes was observed as compared with the untreated osteoarthritis rat model. Conclusion: PRP potentiates the effects of ADMSCs on the repair of damaged articular cartilage.
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