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A simple, efficient and convenient method for the preparation of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle was described. Several parameters like size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles were characterized thorough a variety of analytical techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, SEM, and EDX. The prepared ZnO nanoparticles were successfully used as catalyst for the formylation of amino acid esters and biodiesel synthesis. Further, the synthesized formamide esters were well characterized through HRMS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analysis and subjected for the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal tests and the results indicated that some of them showed promising activity against targeted bacterial pathogens.

Abstract. Green synthesis of nano MgO particles and their application in the formylationof isocyanates of N-Fmoc/Cbz/Boc protected amino acids were reported. Nano magnesium oxide catalysed reaction of isocyanate with 96% formic acid was established to obtain formamides. For this, the carboxyl group of protected amino acids was activated via mixed anhydride method and treated with NaN3. The formed azides were converted into their isocyanates through Curtius rearrangement and treated with HCOOH and catalytic amount of nano MgO. The advantages of this method were being remarkably simple and attaining economically low-cost nano metal oxide under milder reaction conditions. Most importantly, MgO could be easily separated and other basic impurities were removed through a simple work-up. This protocol showed high e ciency in catalysing the transformation in a greener fashion. The molecular docking study of the synthesized compounds was performed against the macromolecules sortase-A and glucosamine 6-phosphate synthase to understand the binding interactions. The results of in vitro antibacterial activities of the synthesized compounds were supported by docking analysis.