Monitoring of Soil salinity plays a vital role in the agricultural society. Soil salinity causes land degradation processes, especially in arid and semi-arid regions which influence soil properties, reduce yield production of crops, and affect infrastructure. This research produces soil salinity mapping of East Delta in Egypt in 1995 using remote sensing technology. Landsat 5 image taken on September 26, 1995, was used. Radiometric and atmospheric corrections for satellite data were applied. Different salinity indices (SI) were used such as Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI), SI1, SI2, SI3, SI4, SI5, SI6, and SI7 beside Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) which was used for data filtration. The field’s Electrical Conductivity (EC) was measured during the period from 22 to 26 September 1995 by the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This data was used as ground truth for the correlation analysis with different indices image bands values. SLR (Simple linear regression) and Mean RE (Relative error) were used to find the best index which was SI5 with a 0.87 correlation with field truth data and mean RE equal 22.7% This index was used to produce a salinity map of the Eastern Delta with acceptable accuracy. Finally, it is concluded that using remote sensing in salinity detection and mapping is highly appreciated.
Remote sensing data has proved to be an effective method of estimating soil salinity in land cover. Remote sensing data is used in soil salinity studies as it is quick and useful for making soil changes predictions. Soil salinity causes many problems for agriculture as it has bad effects on water absorption of the plants, which results in yield reduction. This study was conducted in El-Sheikh Zayed city in Giza governorate in Egypt, to understand the correlation between field truth data of soil salinity in terms of TDS (Total Dissolved Salts) and soil salinization indices. In this study, a Landsat-7 image taken in October 2009 was used after radiometric and atmospheric corrections. SLR (Simple Linear Regression) was applied between truth data and salinization indices. The best representative index for the study area was SI6, which achieved a correlation 0.78 and the minimum value of RMSE (Root Mean Square Error). This approach enables precise monitoring of the spatial distribution of soil salinity, especially in the reclaimed areas, by the combination of remotely sensed data, GIS, and field truth data.
A pertinent issue in the administration of pneumonic contaminations is the low explicitness of clinical side effects for the specific determination and the need of anti-infection treatment. A perfect biomarker for bacterial pneumonic diseases ought to permit a quick conclusion, have a prognostic esteem and encourage restorative dynamic.. The mix of a few biomarkers reflecting distinctive pathophysiological pathways can possibly improve the administration of network gained pneumonia later on. I-Inclusion criteriaAll enrolled patients were: Admitted in pediatric ward and PICU aged between 1 month and18 years old (both males and females). Children with diagnosis of pneumonia. II-Exclusion criteriaAny patient was excluded from this study if: Children with any chronic chest illness other than pneumonia . patients with renal impairment. Patients with liver impairment. patients below one month and above 18 years. Study50 children aged from 2 months to 18 years with mean age (54.32± 39.53 (4-120) They were 28 males (56%) and 22 females(44%).Parental consent was granted in all cases and two children died after examination.Their diagnosis based on clinical, laboratory, radiological evaluation. MethodsAll studied patients have been subjected to the following: Demographic data including: I-Full history taking in the form of applied questionnaire includin Sample Personal history: age, sex, residence. Onset, duration of illness. Presenting symptoms: fever, cough, tachypnea, cyanosis, recurrent attacks and congenital anomalies . Medication received Outcome 142 Copeptin as an Inflammatory Marker in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Community Acquired Benha Journal Of Applied Sciences, Vol.(5) Issue(5) Part (1) (2020) II -Full clinical examination in the form of:- General examination General look Vital signs Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, capillary refill Oxygen saturation Anthropometric measurements (Head circumference, weight, height) Systemic examination for Cardiac systemInspection and palpation to detect the presence of pericardial bulge, pulsations and to examine apex.Auscultation: for heart sounds and audible murmur. Respiratory system Inspection: to detect retractions, chest movements and signs of respiratory distress. palpation: for tracheal shift and palpable ronchi. Auscultation: for air entry , breath sounds and advential sound(fine crepitations and wheez) Neurological examination Assessment of conscious level by Galscow coma scale. Examination of muscle power, tone and reflexes. Abdominal examination Inspection: for abdominal distention Palpation: for organomegaly (hepatomegaly and/ or splenomegaly) Percussion: for ascites. Auscultation: for intestinal sound III -Investigations Biochemical and hematological investigations: Measurement of Complete blood count. C-reactive protein. Serum copeptin. 1. Complete blood count (CBC) was done for all samples using sysmex KX-21N (Sysmex Corporation, New York, USA) for red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglob...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.