Lactoferrin (LTF) is a glycoprotein, a member of transferrin gene family which plays an important role in immune mechanisms in the mammary glands of cows. The amount of lactoferrin increases during inflammatory processes and viral infections. The aim of this investigation was to monitor the distribution of lactoferrin gene genotypes and its connection to milk quality and the occurrence of mammary gland diseases in 46 Holstein-Freisian cows of different age(2-7 years) on a farm near Belgrade. DNA was isolated from blood samples, and the polymorphism of lactoferrin gene was deterimined by PCR-RFLP method using the restriction enzyme Eco RI. We found two alelic forms of this gene in cows included in these experiments (A and B) and two genotypes (AA and AB) in a ratio 71.7% to 28.3%. The genotype BB was not found in this sample. In order to determine the degree of differences between genotypes we used discriminant analysis which has shown that there is a statistically significant difference between genotypes AA and AB with respect to productive parameters. When analysed separately, the only parameter which differed significantly (p=0.021) between two genotypes was total milk production. Individuals with observed genotypes are most similar for the amount of milk fat (p=0.271). There is no statistically significant difference in the number of somatic cells in milk samples between the examined genotypes.
Four winter wheat varieties (Srbijanka, Partizanka, KG-56 and PKB-111) have been selected for diallel crossing in other to study the mode of inheritance, gene effect and genetic variance components for the plant height in F2 generation. Sixty plants of parents and F2 generation were used for analysis. The mode of inheritance was done on the basis of the significance of components of genetic variance and the regression analysis. The inheritance of plant height in the most crossing combinations was superdominance. The combining ability analysis was found to be highly significant, which means both additive and non-additive type of gene actions. The best general combining ability manifested KG-56 variety, and the best specific combining ability have shown hybrids KG-56 x PKB-111, Srbijanka x PKB-111 and Partizanka x KG-56. The genetic variance components, average degree of dominance and regression line indicated superdominance in the inheritance of plant height. The dominant alleles frequency was higher than recessive alleles frequency, which confirmed the ratio of dominant/recessive alleles
The important role of buckwheat in moder human diet and contemporary, sustainable agriculture derives from its chemical composition of grain and modest growing requirements. Consequently, there is an increasing trend of areas under buckwheat with a rate of 22.46% per year. Buckwheat arouses great interest as essential ingredient for functional foods because of its health benefits. Its grain is one of the best sources of high quality protein in the plant kingdom. Buckwheat is very sensitive to the lack of moisture, especially during the first development phases, in period of rooting, during flowering and yielding period. So, the aim of investigation was to estimate the optimal seed rate of buckwheat to achieve the productive, economic and other objectives, especially important for ecological agriculture, in conditions of stubble sowing and irrigation. The investigation included 12 genotypes and three sowing density (80, 120 and 160 grains m-2). The highest average grain yield is obtained in density of 160 grains per m-2 , then in density of 120 grains per m-2 , but the lowest in 80 grains per m-2 density. Difference in grain yield between 160 grains per m-2 and 120 grains per m-2 density variants is a slight, only 80 kg or 3.49% that means both sowing density variant could be applied successfully in buckwheat planting technology, but sowing density of 120 grains per m-2 has priority because of production economics.
Appearance of fetal breathing novements (FBM) after 20.weeks of gestation is a sign of fetal well-being (AND) good oxygenation of central nervons system. Infection, in it's early stage, increanes fetal tissues'needs for oxygen. That causes relative hypoxia of CNS and the abscence of FBM, especially in pregnancies with premature rupture of membranes (PRM). FBM were prospectively studied in 78 patients with PRM in singleton pregnancies from 29 to 37 weeks of gestation. Of these 78 women, 20 (26%) had complications based on (I) amnionitis 11 (14%), (II) possible neonatal infection 10 (13%) and (III) neonatal sepsis 5 (6%). Incidence of FBM was 62% (36/58) in the group of 58 women with PRM, but without complications, compared with 10% (2/20) in the group with PRM and complications. FBM were found in 18% (2/11) of cases with amnionitis, 20 (2/10) in the group with possible neonatal infection and 0% (0/5) in the group with neonatal sepsis. Censitivity of the test for these groups were: 1-82%, 11-80%, 111-100%. It is well-konwn that assessment of fetal maturity and biophysical profile (that contains FBM) are very important in antepartum evaluation of pregnancies with PRM. But, absence of FBM, in the majority of cases, could be useful predictor of possible infection of mother or fetus. References 1. Manning F.A,Platt L.D: Fetal breathing movements and NST in high risk pregnancies. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol, 235:511, 1979. 2. Kivikoski AI, Amon E. et al: Effect of third-trimester premature rupture of membranes on fetal breathing movements: A prospective case-control study, Am.
The aims of this study were to determine the nutritional composition (moisture, protein and total fat) of peglana sausages produced in eastern Serbia and to analyze the composition of fatty acids. Determination of fatty acid composition in the sausages was performed after ripening and after 20 days of storage. Also, a sample preparation method for fatty acid analysis after simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction-esterification was implemented and results were compared with conventional extraction. The results obtained show peglana sausages have high contents of proteins and saturated fatty acids, but no nitrite; the lack of nitrite makes these sausages a suitable product for consumers trying to avoid this additive. The good agreement between results provided by both fat extraction methods demonstrates the usefulness of both methods as routine methods for the treatment of meat samples prior to fatty acid analysis.
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