Nakada and Mead [1965] have presented calculations of proton inward diffusion rates in the outer magnetosphere based on a diffusion mechanism originally proposed by Kellogg [1959] and applied in detail by Parker [1960] and by Davis and Chang [1962]. In their discussion of this mechanism, Nakada and Mead have presented a drawing (their Figure 1) that follows Parker's [1960] equation 20 and Davis and Chang's [1962] equation 13. These equations and consequently the figure are not correct and could lead to a misinterpretation of particle behavior. A corrected version of their drawing appears here as Figure 1. The development indicated in Figure I is identical to that seen in the first figure of the Nakada and Mead paper with one exception:

The lamellar thickness distribution (LTD) of not-reorganized linear polyethylene was calculated on the basis of the melting point distribution using fast scanning calorimetry (FSC) by applying the following precautions. First, by taking sufficiently small sample mass and thickness, the influence of thermal lag during fast-heating is thought to be negligible. Second, by fastheating, reorganization and cold crystallization are strongly hindered or even suppressed. Third, the influence of superheating has been accounted for and corrected by deconvolution of the FSC curve using the calculated melting kinetics of single-sized lamellae consisting of folded-chain crystal. Under such precautions, the resulting FSC heating curve reflects the melting point distribution of metastable-but-not-reorganized folded-chain crystals. Finally, the Gibbs−Thomson equation was applied to calculate the LTD from the melting point distribution. The average lamellar thickness calculated was in good agreement with that determined by small-angle X-ray scattering and lowfrequency Raman spectroscopy.

Differential scanning calorimetry and fast scanning chip calorimetry heating experiments were carried out in a wide range of rates of temperature change from 0.2 to 60,000 K s−1 for isothermally crystallized polyamide 6. Multiple melting peaks were observed. With increasing heating rate, the highest‐temperature endotherm shifts toward lower temperatures and finally disappears due to suppression of the reorganization. The critical heating rate to suppress reorganization was 15–50 times higher than the critical cooling rate to cause complete vitrification. On heating at rates higher than the critical heating rate to suppress reorganization, there were observed two melting processes of different kinetics. Four possible assignments were considered regarding the two crystal populations. These are (i) crystals grown during primary and secondary crystallization, (ii) crystals grown in the bulk and nucleated at the surface/substrate, (iii) crystals, which are subjected to different local stress originating from heterogeneities in interlamellar regions, and (iv) the crystal/mesophase polymorphism. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 2126–2138

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X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out for liquid iron near the melting temperature and atomic configurations were constructed from the structure factor S͑Q͒ obtained, by reverse Monte Carlo modeling and Monte Carlo simulation with the effective pair potential deduced by the inverse method. The bondorientational order parameter Ŵ 6 calculated from the atomic configurations obtained from both simulations indicates a pronounced icosahedral ordering, and the fraction of nearly icosahedral configurations is estimated to be approximately 14% in liquid iron. These experimentally obtained results seem consistent with recent results of ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation for liquid iron ͓P. Ganesh and M. Widom, Phys. Rev. B 77,

The variations in the energy spectrums with pitch angle and L of the relatively stable 0.1-to 5-Mev protons in the outer radiation belt have been found to be in good agreement with the results of a model that permits rapid motion of the protons in L space. In this model the third adiabatic invariant of the protons is violated, but not the first two adiabatic invariants. The variations in flux with L are found to indicate an external source and are

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