Adaptive processes in a single kidney after nephrectomy are manifested in the early stages of compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining kidney. Changes in kidney size (length, width, thickness) were determined. The results of studies have shown that the width of the kidney, not length, is a predictor of renal failure. Renal volume has been shown to be the optimal parameter for predicting renal function. Microscopic and submicroscopic changes of structural components of nephrons at different times after nephrectomy are described.
The aim: To summarize the state of the problem of urolithiasis in patients with a single kidney and consider current views on improving its treatment based on the analysis of world literature.
Materials and methods: The study conducted a thorough analysis of modern scientific literature sources in the international scientometric database, which highlighted the development of urolithiasis in patients with a single kidney and the peculiarities of its treatment. The main ways to improve treatment are identified. A critical assessment of the achievements and shortcomings of various surgical treatments. The authors’ own developments are presented in the article.
Conclusions: The topographic position of the kidney in the retroperitoneal space affects not only the occurrence of pathological processes in the kidney, but also the surgical strategy in the treatment of nephrolithiasis. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the main treatment for large (> 2 cm) or complex kidney stones. Patients with a single kidney are more prone to bleeding with PCNL treatment than patients with bilateral kidneys because they have an increased thickness of the renal parenchyma as a result of compensatory hypertrophy. RIRS is a reliable choice for patients with a single kidney who is contraindicated in PCNL.
Резюме. В роботі наводяться результати спостереження за 32 онкологічними хворими, у яких була клінічна необхідність проведення тривалої протипухлинної хіміотерапії. Показано, що за частого використання периферійних вен передпліччя відбуваються зміни в ендотелії, які призводять до зменшення діаметра їх просвіту, появи у місці пункції вен гематом з подальшим розвитком непрохідності. Постає необхідність створення альтернативного венозного доступу за потреби багаторазового внутрішньовенного введення хіміопрепаратів без значного пошкодження її стінки. Ключові слова: багаторазове внутрішньовенне введення хіміопрепаратів, наслідки.
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