A gelled oil system has been developed for high temperature fracturing treatments. It uses several innovations, including two-stage gelation and a liquid gel breaker. The system works by adhering to ri gorous test ing and qua1i ty control procedures. Case histories in the Williston and D-J Basins document the results obtai ned with thi s improved system.
Time-dependent reductions infracture conductivity have been implied in instances where post-treatment well test data have been available and analyzed. This study evaluates the importance of fatigue failure in a cyclically stressed proppant pack as a contributing factor to fracture conductivity impairment. Permeabilities and pack widths for common mesh sizes of a sand and a ceramic proppant, using formation core plates of varying hardness, were measured after repeated closure stress cycles. Interactions between proppant and formation materials were examined in the SEM in an attempt to correlate fatigue-induced damage with known lithological classifications, and with proppant particle microstructures.
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