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We have fabricated thin films of La1−xCaxMnOδ with tetragonal symmetry. For low temperatures and magnetic fields the measured magnetoresistance is anisotropic: initially positive for applied magnetic field perpendicular to the film plane and negative for field applied parallel to the film plane. At high temperatures the magnetoresistance is negative for all fields and field orientations. We also observe an in-plane magnetoresistance anisotropy with an angular dependence corresponding to that observed in transition metal ferromagnets. We suggest an interpretation requiring a substantial spin-orbit interaction in the material.

The 4f valence band and shallow core levels of ultrathin Gd overlayers on Cu(100) and on crystalline nickel overlayers on Cu(100) have been investigated using angle-resolved photoemission. The authors have observed a definite selection of final-state symmetries which, for one-half to four-monolayer-thick Gd films, indicates that the occupied Gd 5d band is predominantly 3z2-r2 and j=3/2 in character. The 5p3/2 appears to be predominantly z in character for thin Gd overlayers on Cu(100). This occurs as a consequence of final-state interactions between the Gd5d and 5p eigenstates. These results, together with the observed screening processes of the photoemission hole state, are discussed and applied to the understanding of photoemission resonance from the valance bands.