The authors presented an overview of the sustainable development goals (SDGs No. 8, 9) in the direction of “economy” in the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to monitor economic goals in rural areas in the regions of the Siberian Federal District according to the indicators presented by the resolution of the UN General Assembly A/RES/70/1. At the forefront of these goals is the achievement of inclusive economic growth and decent work for all (SDG 8) in connection with the widespread creation and use of infrastructure capable of sustainable industrialisation and the use of innovation (SDG 9). It is critical to ensure the achievement of these goals in territories that are on the sidelines of economic growth and progress and thereby provide a decent life for the population of these territories. The need to study the level of economic development of rural areas is also essential because of the high degree of correlation between the development of agriculture in particular and the agro-industrial complex in general and the sustainable development of rural areas. Moreover, changing living conditions in different places are forcing the population to look for new homes. As a result, most of the population tends to large cities or suburbs. But cities alone cannot lead to economic growth; this requires resources precisely concentrated in sparsely populated areas, the development of which is capable of achieving the declared financial goals. Therefore, the authors also considered the factors influencing the achievement of these goals. The research methods were retrospective and statistical analyses. As a result of the study, proposals are presented for optimising economic actions and developing measures to effectively manage processes to achieve the financial goals of sustainable development in rural areas of the Siberian Federal District.
As is known, the concept of economic efficiency is one of the important categories characterizing the performance of reindeer herding farms. From the point of view of the theory of economic analysis, there is no unified definition of economic efficiency, which means that, as seems to us, the success of reindeer herding farms is still not determined sufficiently. In the article, we also prove that defining the economic efficiency of reindeer husbandry only by the meat production efficiency is not sufficient because the meat production process is not integrated with the processing of reindeer herding products and its sales. As a result, the economic efficiency of reindeer herding production is severely underestimated and leads to low profitability or even losses. The economic efficiency of production can be determined at the national, branch, enterprise and on-farm subdivision, i.e. there is a multilevel approach to the criteria of efficiency or duality of the criteria of efficiency. It is known that indicators of economic efficiency include cost recovery, net production, profit, profitability, rate of return, productivity of live labour, that is, economic efficiency of production is characterised by the ratio of economic effect to costs, which caused this effect. Analyzing the approaches to assessing the efficiency of reindeer herding farms, we came to the conclusion that an integrated approach should be added to the existing ones, as the meat production process is not integrated with the processing of reindeer herding products and their sales, as a result, the economic efficiency of reindeer herding products is greatly underestimated. However, reindeer breeding farms, which receive essentially ecologically pure meat, do not have special prices for it established by the Government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The establishment of such prices at the regional level would significantly raise the efficiency of reindeer breeding as a branch of economy as a whole. The main task of reindeer farms in the North-East of Russia, which includes the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the present stage is a high average slaughter meat of reindeer carcasses, equal to 65-90 kg. and higher. This main indicator should not be bypassed or denied by zootechnicians, scientists, and heads of agricultural production. Production of cheap high-quality venison meat. - is the key to success.
In this article, the author examines various aspects of the impact of the agricultural and food potential of one of the largest regions of Russia, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), on higher living standards of the local population and the qualitative improvement of their life in this harsh Northern climate. The situation in providing for this Russian region has changed dramatically in recent years: if previously only quantitative and a few qualitative parameters were considered to assess the level of demand for food products, today the criteria have changed significantly. Suppliers are required not only to provide a certain range of food products, but also to increase the requirements for the quality component. The author clearly proves that support for agricultural producers and farms, infrastructure development of rural areas is a global trend of the last decade. These factors, in turn, contribute to stabilizing the socio-economic situation in the country as a whole. In addition, the food preferences and needs of citizens living in the Republic have recently changed: local agri-food products are more in demand. Balancing supplies from other regions and saturating the market with their own food is the main task in the field of state regulation of this area. In addition, local products are characterized by good biochemical parameters, and in terms of caloric content and mineralization, they correspond to a healthy diet for active life in the Far North. To study all these problems, the author needed to apply not only special economic methods, but also some cross-cutting methods that include a set of social, economic, and environmental methods.
The article deals with the need of increasing the competitiveness of rural areas in the food market and the share of local products in food supply of the population of the Saha Republic with local products. A system is substantiated that covers the necessity of state protectionist economic and social policy strengthening on the development of the northern regions, the creation of conditions for the agricultural sector of the economy effective functioning and the need to maintain a state support. It is emphasized that a stable economy always plays a crucial role in ensuring food security.
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