Despite a vast body of research on ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging and localization, relatively little knowledge is available regarding practical implementations of the proposed ideas. Although there are some testbeds already proposed and built, most of them imply a sort of correlation and require very high sampling rates (in the order of several GS/s) which are still difficult to realize in hardware. Moreover, the majority of the platforms does not support visualization of results in real-time. Details on the hardware implementation of the commercially available products, e.g. Ubisense or Time Domain, are not publicly accessible. In this paper, results on the experimental validation of the UWB-based ranging platform with real-time signal processing are presented. The platform is based on the time-of-arrival (ToA) technique and relatively simple to implement non-coherent energy detection receiver architecture. Such a receiver does not require high sampling rates nor inform ation about the channel. Our measurement results indicate that it is possible to achieve ranging accuracy of 1-2 cm with the sampling rate of 500 MS/s and with max. 3 bits of the A/D resolution
The ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is recognized as an ideal candidate to provide accurate localization in challenging indoor environments where other technologies, e.g. WiFi or ZigBee cannot yield good accuracy due to their signal bandwidth limitation. The energy detection receiver is currently one of the most promising low complexity non-coherent architectures that neither requires high sampling rates nor information about the channel. Despite a vast body of research on UWB ranging and localization, relatively little knowledge is available regarding practical implementations of the proposed ideas. Although there are some testbeds already proposed and built, most of them imply a sort of correlation and require very high sampling rates (in the order of several GS/s) which are still difficult to realize in hardware. Moreover, the majority of the platforms does not support visualization of results in real-time. In this paper, a UWB-based ranging platform with real-time s ignal processing is presented. It is based on the time-of-arrival (ToA) technique and relatively simple to implement non-coherent energy detection (ED) receiver architecture. Our first measurement results indicate that it is possible to achieve ranging accuracy of 1-3 cm with the sampling rate of 1 GS/s and with max. 3 bits of the A/D resolution
Indoor localization with the accuracy being better than few meters may be a quite challenging task when the system costs are an issue. This paper presents a frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) technology-based indoor localization system that has been built in the EU FP7 Confidence project. The main objective of the Confidence project is the development and integration of innovative technologies to build a care system for the detection of abnormal events, e.g. falls or unexpected behaviors that may be related to health problems of elderly people. In this paper, details on the hardware, firmware, and software parts of the developed prototype are provided. The localization algorithm based on the Kalman filter with the Gaussian averaging is presented. The localization performance is evaluated in the laboratory setting. Our first results indicate that in the case of localization in two dimensions the mean absolute position error is about 1 meter
Abstract-Interleaved coding-modulation (ICM) is a recently proposed method for ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) systems. ICM exploits the concept of chip interleaving, allowing to alleviate the problem of inter-symbol and inter-pulse interference commonly present in high data rate UWB-IR systems. In this paper, previous work on ICM is extended to scarcely populated multi-user scenarios. A novel design of a deterministic chip interleaver based on time-hopping hyperbolic congruence sequences is proposed. Furthermore, the main parameters of the random and hyperbolic interleavers are reviewed. The obtained results indicate that the proposed type of interleaver yields similar performance to random interleavers but with the advantage of simpler implementation.
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