At private farm in Demiana village, Bilqas district, El-Dakahlia governorate, Egypt during the two consecutive winter seasons of 2018 and 2019, experimental field was carried out to study the response of vegetative growth, chemical components in leaves, yield and fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria ssp.) cv. Fortuna to foliar spray with potassium silicate (KSi), glycine betaine (GB)and their interaction treatments. The experiment was done in split-plot within complete block randomized design. Potassium silicate treatments were four concentrations as (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/l) and glycine betaine were three concentrations as (0, 2.5 and 5 g/l). The obtained results referred to that KSi and GB significantly affected on vegetative growth, chemical components in leaves, yield and quality. Furthermore, foliar application with KSi at 6 g/l gave the highest values of vegetative growth, leaves contents, yield and fruit quality. As well as, foliar application with GB at any concentration significantly improved vegetative growth, chemical components in leaves, yield and fruit quality compared to control. In general, the best interaction treatment in this concern was that KSi at 6 g/l interacted with GB at 5 g/l as foliar spray compared to the other ones under study. Thus, it can be recommended that spraying strawberry plants with potassium silicate at 6 g/l and glycine betaine at 5 g/l can promote vegetative growth and increase the early yield and fruit quality under cold condition that are likely to occur in this period (November to February) which meet main export season..
In general, the glyphosate-based herbicide is used in different agriculture practices, fishponds, lakes, canals, and slow running water to get rid of harmful plants. The toxic effect of glyphosate on aquatic and non-aquatic organism
Two field experiments were carried out at a private farm located in Khelala Village, Bilqas District, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive summer seasons of 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effect of some treatments which reduce the injury of high temperature on sweet pepper grown in late summer season. Three different levels of shading (50, 63 and 75%), three different planting distances (30, 40 and 50 cm) and two foliar spray rates of potassium silicate (750 and 1500 ppm) and control treatment were investigated. Nine treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that shading at 75% is the superior treatment for plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weights/plant, fruit set percent, falling flowers percent, fruit physical characteristics i.e, fruit length, diameter and flesh thickness and fruit chemical characteristics i.e, N, P and K%, VC and TSS compared to other treatments. As for planting distances treatments, all parameters values pronouncedly improve with an increase distances of planting, where the values are the best for distance 50 cm. Also, the values of vegetative, flowering, yield and its components significantly increase with foliar application of 1500 ppm potassium silicate. Meanwhile, the control treatment gives the lowest values for all parameters. According to the obtained results, individual treatments as shading level (75%), planting distance (50 cm) and foliar application with potassium silicate (1500 ppm) were beneficial to improve the growth, fruit quality and yield of sweet pepper plants grown in late summer season.
In this investigation three inbred lines which were desired from Balady squash population by selection and their 6 F1 hybrids including reciprocal were used as genetic materials. The inbred lines and their F1 hybrids included reciprocal hybrids were evaluated for some economic traits; vegetative growth, flowering and earliness as days to first female flower anthesis, fruit, as well as yield and its component traits in field trial during 2014 summer season. The result of mean values showed that no parental line was superior for all studied traits. Meanwhile, the parent P3 exhibited the best values for most studied traits. As well as, the obtained results showed that the highest values recorded in the F1 hybrids compare with their parents (inbred lines) were; i.e., P3xP2 for earliness and sex ratio, P3xP2 for fruit number per plant, P1xP3 for total yield per plant. As well as, P1xP2 for total soluble solid and dry weight of fruits, P2xP3 and P3xP1 for ascorbic acid content. These crosses could be used as commercial cultivars which may compete with imported hybrids. Moreover, their parents (stable inbred lines) which exhibited best combinations for previous traits could be used in breeding program according to their objectives.
In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application by salicylic acid (SA) on vegetative growth and yield responses in cucumber plants under different irrigation levels. Two field experiments were performed at a private farm in Dekernes, Dakahlia governorate, Egypt, in summer seasons of 2017 and 2018, to investigate the impact of four foliar application rates of salicylic acid (0.0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 g/l) and three irrigation levels (1200, 900 and 600 m 3 /fed.) on growth and yield of cucumber cv. Gabbar. Water shortage stress significantly reduced vegetative growth (main stem length, branches number, foliage fresh weight, leaves number and leaves area per plant and yield components; fruits weight and numbers per plant, Vit. C, TSS and total yield (ton/fed.). On contrary, foliar application of SA significantly improved these parameters under water shortage stress conditions. However, the lowest used water irrigation quantity increased leaf and fruits dry matter percentage, sex ratio and water use efficiency. On the other hand, water shortage stress significantly reduced leaf pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid) as compared to the highest rate (1200 m 3 ) and these were further increased by using SA. Salicylic acid at a concentration of 0.30 g/l gave the highest fruits yield and its components. As well as, 1200 m 3 /fed and 0.3 g/l salicylic acid treatments were recorded the highest values for most effective mentioned criteria.
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