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The mango bud Aceria mangiferae Sayed and the mango rust mite Metaculus mangiferae (Attiah) were studied for two years in an abandoned mango orchard in Egypt. The eriophyid mites were fed upon by two predatory phytoseiid mites Typhlodromus mangiferus Zaher and El-Borolossy and Typhlodromips swirskii (Athias-Henriot). Population abundance of the eriophyid mango prey were affected by climatic conditions, predation, shady and sunny zones and vertical distribution. A control measure of one winter acaricides treatment, applied after budding, seemed to be the most successful management of the harmful mites. Higher temperature enhanced development of A. mangiferae and M. mangiferae. Some of the life table parameters varied greatly, especially at 25°C and 60 % RH and 35°C and 50 % RH. Field and laboratory studies indicated that viviparity is a typical character in the reproduction of M. mangiferae.

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Studies on biology of Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman and Sapra) at combination of eight constant temperatures and relative humidities (RHs) viz., 7.0°C with 85% RH, I0°C with 80% RH, 15.0°C with 75% RH, 23.0°C with 70% RH, 31.0°C with 65% RH, 34.0°C with 65% RH, 36.0°C with 60% RH and 40.0°C with 55% RH revealed that the optimal condition for the development of these mites are 15.0-31.0°C and 65-75% RH. The highest temperature and the lowest RH accelerated the rate of development and induced more reproduction of O. mangiferus. Its population also multiplied 30.81 times in a generation time of 27.36 days at 31.0°C and 65% RH, while the same population only increased 7.46 times in a generation time of 48.07 days at 15.0°C and 75% RH. Fecundity was highest at 31.0°C and 65% RH with 46.43 eggs per female. The highest intrinsic rate of natural increase was observed at 31.0°C as 0.125 per day.

Phytophagous mites are dangerous pests, causing economic losses to the world’s crops. Nanotechnology is a promising field for pests and disease management, and enhancement of agricultural productivity. The aim of the study was to evaluation of the effectiveness of copper nanoparticles (CuNP) against all stages of eriophyid mite, the citrus rust mite, Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) (Acari: Eriophyidae) and tetranychid mite, the citrus brown mite Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) (Acari: Tetranychidae), and Tenuipalpid mite, the false spider mite, Brevipalpus obovatus Donnadieu (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). This includes its impacts on predacious mites, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot and Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), on orange trees under field conditions. Five different concentrations of copper nanoparticles (40, 80, 160, 240, and 320 ppm), as well as the control (well water) were examined. The obtained results indicated that the mortality rate of both phytophagous and predacious mites was associated with an increase in the concentrations of copper nanoparticles. Copper nanoparticles were significantly effective in killing P. oleivora, E. orientalis and B. obovatus with minimal effects on A. swirskii and E. scutalis. The mortality percentage was 15.24, 20.32, 46.32, 78.97 and 86.37% for P. oleivora, 6.87, 9.86, 28.91, 56.30 and 77.52% for E. orientalis and 8.38, 23.50, 48.83, 68.80 and 84.08% for B. obovatus while the mortality percentage was 0.00, 0.56, 5.83, 9.91 and 15.19% for A. swirskii and 0.44, 3.96, 6.93, 8.63 and 21.39% for E. scutalis one week after exposure to 40, 80, 160, 240 and 320 ppm of copper nanoparticles, respectively. Moreover, the results showed that copper nanoparticles caused a reduction in the percentage of eggs hatching. The percentages of larvae hatching from eggs were 96.29, 80.00, 64.13, 45.66 and 32.17% for P. oleivora, 97.38, 83.28, 69.41, 48.01 and 35.29 for E. orientalis and 96.60, 76.92, 56.38, 40.55 and 33.28% for B. obovatus one week after exposure to copper nanoparticles at 40, 80, 160, 240 and 320 ppm respectively, compared with the control (well water). According to the results, the use of copper nanoparticles significant effect on reducing the population of phytophagous mites associated with orange trees, with low detrimental effects on predatory mites.

The effect of the two predatory mite species Phytosiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Typhlodromips swirskii (AthiasHenriot), fungal entomopathogen, Beuvaria bassiana and the biochemical compound Abamectin (Vapcomic) were investigated against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch on kidney bean (Paulista) and sugar snap pea (Snow wind) in a greenhouse at Behaira governorate during 2013 season. The average number of spider mite population was significantly different among the different treatments on Paulista (F 4,99= 39.025; P < 0.001; Table 1), and on Snow wind (F 4,99= 32.17; P < 0.001). The mean reduction percentage of spider mite populations on both plant varieties by P. persimilis was significantly the highest (95.2%), followed by treating with Vapcomic (90.0 %) and the fungus B. bassiana (84.8%); T. swirskii caused the least (71.9%). Thus, using P. persimilis to control the two spotted spider mite on the two plant varieties (Paulista and Snow wind) is recommended.

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The leaf coating and webbing mite Cisaberoptus kenyae Keifer was observed for two years in an abandoned mango orchard in Egypt. The eriophyid mite was fed upon by the two predatory phytoseiid mites Typhlodromips swirskii (Athias-Henriot) and Typhlodromus mangiferus Zaher and El-Borolossy. Population dynamics of the eriophyid mango prey were affected by climatic conditions, predation, shady and sunny zones and vertical distribution. About 16 & 18; and 15 & 13 generations were recorded for C. kenyae on cvs. «Hindi and Alphonso» during two successive years, respectively. Leaves at bottom levels of both mango cultivars were found preferable to the mite feeding than those at the top and middle. Higher temperature enhanced faster development of C. kenyae. A control measure of one treatment with acaricides in the winter after budding resulted in effective control.