A cytological and bacteriological study was made of prostatic (EPS) and vesicular (EVS) secretions from 123 infertile men who were suspected of having chronic genital tract inflammation and from 31 men with premature ejaculation (1,12,16). In the microbiological investigations samples were inoculated within 10 min on various culture media and incubated under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Bacterial loads of more than 10,000 colony-forming units of a single species or genus per milliliter of EPS or EVS were considered to be pathological. In the infertile subjects with proven inflammation of the seminal accessory glands, the EPS and the EVS that gave positive cultures and had bacterial loads defined as pathological contained large numbers of anaerobic or microaerophilic organisms (EPS: 51 of the 63 bacterial strains found, congruent to 81%; EVS: 19 of the 20 bacterial strains found, congruent to 95%).