This article describes the removal of triarylmethane compound Victoria Blue (VB dye) from an aqueous medium using Prosopis julif lora-modified carbon/Zn/alginate polymer bead. The experimental conditions of the adsorption process chosen in this study are dye concentration (4•10 −3 mg•kg −1 to 2.0•10 mg•kg −1 ), pH (3 to 10), adsorbent dose (0.5 g to 2.5 g), contact time (0.6 s to 5.4•10 3 s) and temperature (303 K to 343 K). The efficiency of the adsorption process was determined by kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic parameters. The equilibrium uptake capacity of the adsorption process was obtained from Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations and the equilibrium uptake capacity of adsorption was compared with dimensionless separation factor (R L ). The kinetics of adsorption process was estimated with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order Lagergren's equations. The diffusion of adsorption was confirmed using an intraparticle diffusion model. The feasibility of the adsorption process was ascertained from the thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy (ΔH°), standard entropy (ΔS°), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) utilizing the van't Hoff plot. The alginate polymer composite bead was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the morphological studies were done with scanning electron microscopy.
This paper presents the feasibility for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solution using an activated carbon prepared from Prosopis julifl ora bark. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of pH, contact time, adsorbate concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The commonly applicable isotherms namely Freundlich and Langmuir equations are used for the prediction of isotherm parameters. A comparison of linear least-square method and a trial-and-error non-linear method are examined in Freundlich and Langmuir (Four forms) isotherms. The nature of adsorption isotherm feasibility was evaluated with dimensionless separation factors (R L ). The dynamics of adsorption process was analyzed with Lagergren's Pseudo-fi rst order and Pseudo-second order kinetic equations. Thermodynamic parameters like the change in enthalpy (∆H o ), change in entropy (∆S o ) and change in Gibbs free energy (∆G o ) were evaluated and ΔG o shows a negative value whereas ΔH o shows the positive value indicating that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The functional group characterization of the adsorbent was done using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal stability of activated carbon was analyzed using Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential thermal analysis (DTA).
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