Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies on the Removal of Victoria Blue Using Prosopis juliflora-Modified Carbon/Zn/Alginate Polymer Composite Beads

Abstract

This article describes the removal of triarylmethane compound Victoria Blue (VB dye) from an aqueous medium using Prosopis julif lora-modified carbon/Zn/alginate polymer bead. The experimental conditions of the adsorption process chosen in this study are dye concentration (4•10 −3 mg•kg −1 to 2.0•10 mg•kg −1 ), pH (3 to 10), adsorbent dose (0.5 g to 2.5 g), contact time (0.6 s to 5.4•10 3 s) and temperature (303 K to 343 K). The efficiency of the adsorption process was determined by kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic parameters. The equilibrium uptake capacity of the adsorption process was obtained from Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations and the equilibrium uptake capacity of adsorption was compared with dimensionless separation factor (R L ). The kinetics of adsorption process was estimated with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order Lagergren's equations. The diffusion of adsorption was confirmed using an intraparticle diffusion model. The feasibility of the adsorption process was ascertained from the thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy (ΔH°), standard entropy (ΔS°), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) utilizing the van't Hoff plot. The alginate polymer composite bead was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the morphological studies were done with scanning electron microscopy.

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