See also H. T. Sørensen. Cancer and subsequent risk of venous thromboembolism. This issue, pp 527-8. Summary. Background: The incidence of venous thrombosis (VT) for cancer patients is increased compared with patients without cancer, but estimations of the incidence for different types of cancer have rarely been made because of the low incidence of various types of cancer. Large registries offer an opportunity to study the risk of VT in large cohorts of cancer patients, which is essential in decisions on prophylactic anti-coagulant treatment. Methods: This cohort study estimates the incidence of VT in cancer patients by using record linkage of a Cancer Registry and an Anticoagulation Clinic database in the Netherlands. Cumulative incidences in patients with different types of malignancies were estimated. We calculated relative risks (RRs) in relation to the presence of distant metastases and treatment. Results: Tumors of the bone, ovary, brain, and pancreas are associated with the highest incidence of VT (37.7, 32.6, 32.1, and 22.7/1000/0.5 year). Patients with distant metastases had a 1.9-fold increased risk [RR adj : 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6-2.3]. Chemotherapy leads to a 2.2-fold increased risk (RR adj : 2.2; 95% CI: 1.8-2.7) and hormonal therapy leads to a 1.6-fold increased risk (RR adj : 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3-2.1) compared with patients not using these treatment modalities. Patients with radiotherapy or surgery did not have an increased risk. Conclusions: We compared the overall incidences of VT in the first half year in our study to the risk of major bleeding as described in the literature. For patients with distant metastases, for several types of cancer, prophylactic anti-thrombotic treatment could be beneficial.

Corpus uteri cancer is the fourth most common neoplasm in women in Europe and the tenth most common cause of cancer death. We examined geographic and temporal variations in corpus uteri cancer incidence and mortality rates in the age groups 25-49 and 50-74 in 22 European countries. The disease is considerably less common in premenopausal women, with incidence and mortality rates decreasing throughout Europe and mortality declines more marked in western and southern European countries. Incidence rates among postmenopausal women are highest in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Sweden and Slovenia and lowest in France and the United Kingdom. Increasing incidence trends in this age group are observed in the Nordic countries (except Denmark) and in the United Kingdom. Some increases are also seen in eastern (Slovakia) and southern Europe (Spain and Slovenia), while relatively stable or modestly decreasing trends are observed in Italy and most western European countries. Postmenopausal mortality rates are systematically higher in eastern Europe, with death rates in the Ukraine, Latvia, Czech Republic, Russia and Belarus 2-3 times those seen in western Europe. Declining mortality trends are seen in most populations, though in certain Eastern European countries, the declines began rather recently, during the 1980s. In Belarus and Russia, recent postmenopausal death rates are stable or increasing. The rates are adjusted for misclassification of uterine cancer deaths but remain unadjusted for hysterectomy, and where there is an apparent levelling off of incidence or mortality rates recently, rising prevalence of hysterectomy cannot be discounted as an explanation. However, the trends by age group can be viewed in light of several established risk factors for endometrial cancer that are highly prevalent and most likely changing with time. These are discussed, as are the prospects for preventing the disease. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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The compliance with the guidelines has been optimised by the increased attention to this group of patients. Most important factors have been the reporting of the results of the first evaluation and (discussions about) the centralisation of treatment. Further improvements could be reached by the prospective web based registry monitoring logistic aspects as well as parameters useful for the evaluation of the quality of care.

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A higher prevalence of solid tumours in patients with M(onoclonal) proteinaemia without a co-existing haematological malignancy has been reported. We investigated this association by linking a population-based registry of patients with newly diagnosed M-proteinaemia (n ¼ 1464) with the Regional Cancer Registry. Patients were followed for a median of 7.4 years for those still alive. In total 167 (11%) patients with 173 solid tumours were compared with 861 patients with 'M-proteinaemia only' (without a haematological malignancy). The M-protein isotype or level or clinical parameters did not differ between the groups. M-protein isotype was not associated with a specific tumour type. Standardised Morbidity Ratios (SMR) for nearly all solid tumours were elevated in the year of the M-protein discovery, but the excess risk disappeared during follow-up suggesting selection through diagnostic investigations rather than a causal role. In this large series of patients with both newly diagnosed M-proteinaemia and a solid tumour no relationship could be established.